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Does translocation affect short‐term survival in a long‐lived species, the Spanish imperial eagle?
Animal Conservation ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-08 , DOI: 10.1111/acv.12597
R. Muriel 1 , J. Balbontín 2 , C. P. Calabuig 3 , V. Morlanes 3 , M. Ferrer 1
Affiliation  

In long‐lived species, usually with deferred maturity and low release numbers, the success of conservation translocations is especially sensitive to survival and site fidelity during the prolonged establishment phase. Concurrent management actions usually implemented in threatened populations may also influence translocation‐related responses. Therefore, the specific performance of translocations should be ideally assessed on vital rates of comparable management groups while accounting for other conservation actions. In this study, we analysed the impact of translocation on the short‐term survival and the relative contribution of electrocution on power pylons by comparing translocated and wild‐reared radio‐tracked juvenile Spanish imperial eagles Aquila adalberti before and after the implementation of further long‐term conservation actions of the species and other generic measures in southern Spain. A multi‐event multi‐state capture–recapture approach accounting for tag retention was applied on a long‐term dataset of resightings and dead recoveries throughout the first 2 years after fledging. Survival probability was similar in translocated and contemporary non‐translocated eagles, but higher than in wild‐reared birds before the generalization of multi‐action plans from the 1980s. It was also higher during early dispersal than in the post‐fledging dependence period. Although mortality due to electrocution decreased in absolute terms after implementing anti‐electrocution measures, its relative contribution as the main mortality source did not differ between translocated and wild‐reared birds or between periods (65%). Our results show that when translocations are properly implemented, observed vital rates of released animals can be comparable to those of wild‐reared individuals subjected to similar generic management addressing mortality sources. As for any management action, post‐release monitoring should play a key role in translocation programmes, with emphasis on comparative studies analysing potential factors affecting survival under active management contexts.

中文翻译:

易位会影响长寿物种西班牙帝王的短期生存吗?

在通常具有推迟的成熟度和较低的释放数量的长寿命物种中,保护性易位的成功在延长的建立阶段对生存和位点保真度尤其敏感。通常在受威胁的人群中实施的并行管理措施也可能会影响与易位相关的应对措施。因此,在考虑其他保护行动的同时,应根据可比的管理群体的生命率理想地评估易位的具体表现。在这项研究中,我们通过比较易位和野生饲养的无线电西班牙少年鹰Aquila adalberti来分析易位对短期生存的影响以及电死对电力塔的相对影响。在西班牙南部对该物种采取进一步的长期保护措施以及采取其他一般措施之前和之后。在出雏后的头两年中,对标签保留进行考虑的多事件多状态捕获-捕获方法应用于长期的数据收集和死回收。易位鹰和当代未易位鹰的生存概率相似,但在1980年代多行动计划推广之前,其存活率高于野生鸟类。在早期分散期间也比在后依赖时期高。尽管实施反电死措施后,因电死造成的死亡率绝对下降,其作为主要死亡率来源的相对贡献在易位和野生饲养的鸟类之间或不同时期之间没有差异(65%)。我们的结果表明,如果正确实施了易位,观察到的释放动物的生命率可以与野生动物个体的生命率相媲美,这些个体受到了类似的通用管理,可以解决死亡率问题。对于任何管理措施,释放后的监测应在易位计划中发挥关键作用,重点是进行比较研究,以分析影响积极管理环境下生存的潜在因素。
更新日期:2020-05-08
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