Adaptation of Nigerian indigenous chickens (NIC), FUNAAB‐α (F‐α) and Transylvanian naked neck chickens (TNN) raised during hot‐dry season under humid tropical environment was compared during a 4‐week period. A well‐adapted NIC (n = 12; 6 males and 6 females), a newly developed F‐α (n = 12; 6 male and 6 females) and a newly introduced TNN (n = 12; 6 male and 6 females) chickens aged 36 weeks were used for this experiment. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT) and skin temperature on comb (COM), wattle (WAT), breast (BRE) and under wings (WIN) were monitored between 13.00 and 14.00h twice a week for four weeks. Wattle temperature (p = .017) and BRE (p = .000) differ significantly among the genotypes. Transylvanian naked neck chickens recorded higher WAT than NIC, though not different from F‐α. Nigerian indigenous chickens had lower BRE temperature than other two genotypes. Significantly higher WAT (p < .001) and WIN (p < .05) were recorded in cocks than in laying hens. In contrast, laying hens had significantly (p < .001) higher RR and HSI than cocks. There was interactive (p < .05) effect of sex and genotype on BRE. Nigerian indigenous cocks and hens exhibited lower BRE than others, except F‐α cock. There were positive significant correlations between WIN and WAT in the three genotypes. In NIC, COM had positive correlation with WAT (r = .532) and WIN (r = .696). Heart rate was positively correlated with WAT (r = .608) and WIN (r = .697) in F‐α, and WIN (r = .512) in TNN chickens. In conclusion, the three genotypes can adequately adapt to the prevailing conditions of humid tropics. Reduction of feather on the neck and breast and higher heat loss capacity in TNN chickens could help the birds adapt to hot‐humid environment. The two sexes could adapt to the tropical region. Cocks lose body heat predominantly via non‐evaporative means while hens employ evaporative heat loss mechanism.

中文翻译：

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尼日利亚潮湿热带条件下三种鸡基因型适应性的比较研究。

在四个星期的时间内比较了在炎热干燥季节在潮湿的热带环境下饲养的尼日利亚土著鸡（NIC），FUNAAB-α（F-α）和特兰西瓦尼亚裸颈鸡（TNN）的适应性。适应性良好的NIC（n  = 12； 6位男性和6位女性），新开发的F-α（n  = 12； 6位男性和6位女性）和新引入的TNN（n  = 12； 6位男性和6位女性）实验使用36周龄的鸡。在13.00和14.00h之间两次监测心率（HR），呼吸率（RR），直肠温度（RT）和梳子（COM），鸡身（WAT），乳房（BRE）和机翼下（WIN）的皮肤温度一周四个星期。荆温度（p  = .017）和BRE（p = .000）在基因型之间存在显着差异。特兰西瓦尼亚裸颈鸡的WAT高于NIC，尽管与F-α没有区别。尼日利亚土著鸡的BRE温度低于其他两种基因型。 公鸡的WAT（p  <.001）和WIN（p <.05）显着高于蛋鸡。相比之下，蛋鸡的 RR和HSI显着高于公鸡（p <.001）。 性别和基因型对BRE有交互作用（p <.05）。除F-α公鸡外，尼日利亚土著公鸡和母鸡的BRE均低于其他母鸡。三种基因型的WIN和WAT之间存在显着的正相关。在NIC中，COM与WAT（r  = .532）和WIN（r  = .696）。心率与 F-α中的WAT（r  = .608）和WIN（r = .697）以及 TNN鸡的WIN（r = .512）正相关。总之，这三种基因型可以充分适应热带湿润地区的主要条件。减少TNN鸡脖子和胸部的羽毛以及更高的热损失能力可以帮助禽类适应炎热潮湿的环境。这两个性别可以适应热带地区。公鸡主要通过非蒸发的方式散发身体热量，而母鸡则采用蒸发的热量散失机制。