The introduction of chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR T) therapy has resulted in a paradigm shift in the management of relapsed/refractory B‐cell malignancies. Patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma who had exhausted all meaningful treatment options now have an opportunity for long‐term remission and possibly cure. CAR T is rapidly expanding into the treatment paradigm for multiple myeloma with approvals expected in the near future. CAR T for chronic lymphocytic leukemia may not be far behind, while CAR T studies in Hodgkin lymphoma and acute myeloid leukemia are ongoing. Such therapeutic success brings challenges in toxicity management related to cytokine release syndrome and immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Our understanding of these unique syndromes is evolving, with predictive models and additional treatment strategies on the horizon. This review aims to summarize the progress of CAR T therapeutics within malignant hematology thus far and highlight ongoing advances in the field.

中文翻译：

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血液恶性肿瘤CAR T治疗的进展。

嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR T）治疗的引入已导致复发/难治性B细胞恶性肿瘤的治疗模式发生转变。精疲力尽所有有意义的治疗选择的急性淋巴细胞白血病和非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者现在有机会长期缓解并可能治愈。CAR T正迅速扩展到多发性骨髓瘤的治疗范例中，并有望在不久的将来获得批准。慢性淋巴细胞白血病的CAR T研究可能并不落后，而霍奇金淋巴瘤和急性髓性白血病的CAR T研究仍在进行中。这样的治疗成功给与细胞因子释放综合征和免疫效应细胞相关的神经毒性综合征相关的毒性管理带来了挑战。我们对这些独特综合症的理解正在发展，即将出现的预测模型和其他治疗策略。这篇综述旨在总结迄今为止CAR T治疗在恶性血液病学领域的进展，并重点介绍该领域的持续进展。