In this paper, the physical processes underlying recent winter cold anomalies over East Asia (EA) are examined via statistical analysis. It is found that the EA cold anomaly depends on the warming in the North Atlantic, sea ice loss in the Barents–Kara Sea (BKS), and atmospheric teleconnection patterns. Specifically, the sea ice loss in the BKS can anchor teleconnection patterns originating from different North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) patterns. Different patterns of North Atlantic warming can affect the position of the cold anomaly region through altering the atmospheric circulations. In addition, whether the relevant teleconnection pattern leads to enhanced cold anomaly over EA crucially depends on the sea ice loss in the BKS, because it can anchor the blocking anticyclone embedded in the teleconnection pattern over the Ural region and make it more persistent and quasi‐stationary. Furthermore, it is found that the role of SST modes in the EA cold anomaly depends on their time scales. Although the strong basin‐scale warming (north–south SST tripolar mode) in the North Atlantic mid‐ to high‐latitudes plays a major role in decadal (interannual) cold anomaly over EA, it appears that the Atlantic east–west SST dipole structure dominates winter temperature variations over EA in recent decades on both the interannual and decadal time scales.

中文翻译：

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北极海冰消融对大气遥相关模式的锚定及其与东亚冬季寒冷异常的联系

在本文中，通过统计分析检查了东亚（EA）近期冬季寒冷异常的潜在物理过程。发现EA冷异常取决于北大西洋的变暖，巴伦支–卡拉海（BKS）的海冰损失以及大气遥相关模式。具体而言，BKS中的海冰损失可以锚定源自不同北大西洋海表温度（SST）模式的遥相关模式。北大西洋变暖的不同模式可以通过改变大气环流来影响寒冷异常区域的位置。此外，相关的遥相关模式是否会导致EA上的冷异常增强，关键取决于BKS中的海冰损失，因为它可以将嵌在遥连接模式中的阻塞性反气旋锚定在乌拉尔地区，并使之更加持久和准平稳。此外，发现SST模式在EA冷异常中的作用取决于它们的时间尺度。尽管北大西洋中高纬度地区强烈的盆地尺度变暖（南-南SST三极模式）在EA年代际（年际）冷异常中起主要作用，但大西洋东西SST偶极结构似乎无论是在年际还是年代际尺度上，近几十年来在EA中冬季温度变化均占主导地位。