Abstract

The Red River delta with an area of about 12 620 km² is one of the largest deltas of Viet Nam and it also is one of the remarkable deltas of Asia. The delta was formed during the Holocene, mainly from 9000 years ago to the present. The Red River delta belongs to the NW tip of the large tertiary basin that is the Red River basin (Song Hong basin). The NW tip of the Red River basin presents as Ha Noi graben, which is controlled by the Chay River fault in the SW and the Lo River fault in the NW. Both faults are belonging to the regional Red River fault zone that is a boundary between the South China block and the Indochina blocks. The Red River delta was formed on the top of tectonic active area. Due to tectonic activity the Red River bed is differentiated and revealed as in-uniform distribution of the Quaternary sediments. Evolution of the Red River delta has been closely connected with the Pliocene‒Quaternary tectonics, specifically during transgression period after the last glacial maximum. The submarine area advanced along the NE and SW subsidence zones of the Red River delta area and created two remarkable lagoons, meanwhile the central part it had resisted transgression process and created a protrusive zone. Our study recognized that there were at least two tectonic movements occurred in the region since the Late Miocene, after a cessation of left-lateral strike slip of the Red River fault zone: those are NE‒SW compression and then NE‒SW extension under the general right-lateral strike slip of the Red River Fault Zone.

中文翻译：

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全新世红河三角洲（越南北部）的构造活动与演化

摘要

红河三角洲，面积约12 620 km ²是越南最大的三角洲之一，也是亚洲著名的三角洲之一。三角洲是在全新世期间形成的，主要是从9000年前到现在。红河三角洲属于大型三级盆地的西北端，即红河盆地（宋洪盆地）。红河流域的西北端呈现为Ha Noi en，由西南部的Chay河断层和西北的Lo河断层控制。这两个断层均属于区域性红河断层带，该区域是华南地块与印度支那地块之间的边界。红河三角洲形成于构造活动区的顶部。由于构造活动，红河床被区分并显示为第四纪沉积物的不均匀分布。红河三角洲的演化与上新世第四纪构造密切相关，特别是在最后一次冰河期之后的海侵时期。潜艇区域沿红河三角洲地区的东北和西南沉降区前进，并形成了两个引人注目的泻湖，而其中部则抵制了海侵过程，并形成了一个突出区。我们的研究认识到，自中新世以来，该地区至少发生了两次构造运动，这是红河断层带左旋走滑停止后的运动：NE‒SW压缩，然后NE theSW伸展。红河断裂带的一般右旋走滑。潜艇区域沿红河三角洲地区的东北和西南沉降区前进，并形成了两个引人注目的泻湖，而其中部则抵制了海侵过程，并形成了一个突出区。我们的研究认识到，自中新世以来，该地区至少发生了两次构造运动，这是红河断层带左旋走滑停止后的运动：NE‒SW压缩，然后NE theSW伸展。红河断裂带的一般右旋走滑。潜艇区域沿红河三角洲地区的东北和西南沉降区前进，并形成了两个引人注目的泻湖，而其中部则抵制了海侵过程，并形成了一个突出区。我们的研究认识到，自中新世以来，该地区至少发生了两次构造运动，这是红河断层带左旋走滑停止后的运动：NE‒SW压缩，然后NE theSW伸展。红河断裂带的一般右旋走滑。