Thromboembolism (TE) is a complex disease caused by various acquired and inherited factors. The common mutations; factor V Leiden G1691A (FVL G1691A), prothrombin G20210A (PTG20210A), and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase C677T (MTHFR C677T) are important inherited causes in both venous and arterial thrombosis. The association between ABO blood groups and thrombophilia has been noted by researchers. We aimed to determine the frequency and association of ABO blood groups as a risk factor along with 3 thrombophilia mutations and another 3 thrombophilia markers in a group of patients with unstimulated thrombosis. In a prospective case-control study, we focused on 100 samples, 50 patients with documented thrombosis as well as 50 healthy age-matched controls. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization to oligonucleotide particular probes were employed to detect FVL G1691A, PT G20210A, and MTHFR C677T mutations. Analysis of other thrombophilia markers including protein C (PC), protein S (PS), and antithrombin (AT) assays was also performed. ABO blood group typing was done according to standard methods. Non-O blood group was significantly more frequent among cases than controls (76% vs 54%) with high odds of TE (odds ratio [OR] = 2.69). Positivity for at least 1 thrombophilia marker was more in cases (60%) than controls (34%; OR = 2.9). The combined effect of non-O blood group and thrombophilia markers raised the risk of TE (OR = 4.16, P = .001), particularly FVL (OR = 6.76). This study illustrates that harboring the non-O blood group poses an additive effect with other thrombophilia markers in the causation of TE.

中文翻译：

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伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区未经刺激的血栓形成患者的ABO血型和血栓形成标志。

血栓栓塞症（TE）是由多种获得性和遗传性因素引起的复杂疾病。常见的突变；因子V莱顿G1691A（FVL G1691A），凝血酶原G20210A（PTG20210A）和亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶C677T（MTHFR C677T）是静脉和动脉血栓形成的重要遗传原因。研究人员已经注意到ABO血型与血栓形成之间的关系。我们旨在确定ABO血型作为危险因素的频率和关联性，以及一组未受刺激的血栓形成患者的3个血友病突变和另外3个血友病标志物。在一项前瞻性病例对照研究中，我们集中研究了100个样本，50个已记录血栓形成的患者以及50个健康的年龄匹配的对照。使用多重聚合酶链反应和与寡核苷酸特定探针的反向杂交来检测FVL G1691A，PT G20210A和MTHFR C677T突变。还对其他血友病标志物进行了分析，包括蛋白C（PC），蛋白S（PS）和抗凝血酶（AT）分析。根据标准方法进行ABO血型分型。在TE几率较高的情况下，非O血型的患病率明显高于对照组（76％比54％）（几率[OR] = 2.69）。病例（60％）中至少有一种血栓形成标志的阳性率高于对照组（34％； OR = 2.9）。非O血型和血友病标志物的综合作用增加了TE的风险（OR = 4.16，P = .001），特别是FVL（OR = 6.76）。