Titanium dental implants are widely used for the replacement of damaged teeth. However, bacterial infections at the interface between soft tissues and the implant can impair the functionality of the device and lead to failure. In this work, the preparation of an antifouling coating of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on titanium by pulsed electrodeposition was investigated in order to reduce Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) adhesion while maintaining human fibroblast adhesion. Different pulsed conditions were prepared and characterized by contact angle, Focused Ion Beam (FIB), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy in the Attenuated Total Reflectance mode (ATR-FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS tested fibronectin adsorption. S. aureus, E. coli and human fibroblast adhesion was tested in vitro in both mono and co-culture settings. Physicochemical characterization proved useful for confirming the presence of PEG and evaluating the efficiency of the coating methods. Fibronectin adsorption decreased for all of the conditions, but an adsorption of 20% when compared to titanium was maintained, which supported fibroblast adhesion on the surfaces. In contrast, S. aureus and E. coli attachment on coated surfaces decreased up to 90% vs. control titanium. Co-culture studies with the two bacterial strains and human fibroblasts showed the efficacy of the coatings to allow for eukaryotic cell adhesion, even in the presence of pre-adhered bacteria.

中文翻译：

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聚乙二醇脉冲电沉积钛上防污涂层的开发

钛牙植入物被广泛用于替换受损的牙齿。然而，在软组织和植入物之间的界面处的细菌感染会损害装置的功能并导致故障。在这项工作中，研究了通过脉冲电沉积在钛上制备聚乙二醇（PEG）防污涂层的方法，以减少金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）和大肠杆菌（E. coli））粘附力，同时保持人成纤维细胞粘附力。制备了不同的脉冲条件，并通过接触角，聚焦离子束（FIB），衰减全反射模式下的傅立叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）进行了表征。XPS测试了纤连蛋白的吸附。在单培养和共培养条件下均测试了金黄色葡萄球菌，大肠杆菌和人成纤维细胞的粘附力。物理化学表征证明可用于确认PEG的存在和评估包衣方法的效率。在所有条件下，纤连蛋白的吸附均降低，但是与钛相比，吸附保持了20％，这支持了成纤维细胞在表面的粘附。相反，金黄色葡萄球菌与对照钛相比，涂层表面上的大肠杆菌和大肠杆菌附着降低了90％。与这两种细菌菌株和人类成纤维细胞的共培养研究表明，即使在存在预先粘附的细菌的情况下，涂层的功效也能使真核细胞粘附。