Abstract Methyl bromide (MB) use for quarantine and phytosanitary purposes is being phased out. Several effective MB alternatives have been identified depending on the target system. Industry commitment for the shift to new technologies will depend not only on the efficacy of alternatives but also on their compatibility and integrability into existing operations. We compared the efficacy of MB and ethyl formate (EF) for disinfestation of Planococcus citri (Risso) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) as a representative surface pest on banana and evaluated whether EF fumigation is compatible with the current packaging materials and loading ratio used by the South Korean banana import industry. Fumigation trials with P. citri adults and eggs showed that EF was at least as effective as MB at the EF and MB concentrations recommended under the current phytosanitary disinfestation guidelines. From a logistical standpoint, EF gas could not effectively penetrate plastic bagging typically used in banana cartons during commercial shipping. Also, EF sorption to bananas and packing materials (used as cushioning inside bagging) further lowered realized EF concentrations around bananas. These reductions in EF concentration translated into reduced mortality of P. citri eggs, indicating that despite similar efficacy of MB and EF for controlling P. citri, further consideration and optimization of other industry logistics such as packaging and loading ratio is necessary to enhance the adoption of this MB alternative.

中文翻译：

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甲酸乙酯作为溴甲烷替代品对韩国进口香蕉进行植物检疫消毒的后勤考虑

摘要 用于检疫和植物检疫目的的溴甲烷 (MB) 正在逐步淘汰。已根据目标系统确定了几种有效的甲基溴替代品。行业对新技术转变的承诺不仅取决于替代品的功效，还取决于它们与现有业务的兼容性和可集成性。我们比较了 MB 和甲酸乙酯 (EF) 对作为香蕉上代表性表面害虫的柑橘浮球藻 (Risso)（半翅目：假球菌科）的杀灭效果，并评估了 EF 熏蒸是否与当前使用的包装材料和装载率兼容。韩国香蕉进口产业。P 熏蒸试验。柑橘成虫和卵表明，在当前植物检疫灭虫指南推荐的 EF 和 MB 浓度下，EF 至少与 MB 一样有效。从物流的角度来看，EF 气体无法有效地渗透到商业运输过程中香蕉纸箱中通常使用的塑料袋中。此外，EF 对香蕉和包装材料的吸附（用作袋子内的缓冲）进一步降低了香蕉周围的实际 EF 浓度。EF 浓度的这些降低转化为柑橘假单胞菌卵的死亡率降低，表明尽管 MB 和 EF 在控制柑橘假单胞菌方面的功效相似，但有必要进一步考虑和优化其他行业物流，如包装和装载率，以提高采用率这个 MB 替代品。EF 气体无法有效穿透商业运输期间香蕉纸箱中通常使用的塑料袋。此外，EF 对香蕉和包装材料的吸附（用作袋子内的缓冲）进一步降低了香蕉周围的实际 EF 浓度。EF 浓度的这些降低转化为柑橘假单胞菌卵的死亡率降低，表明尽管 MB 和 EF 在控制柑橘假单胞菌方面的功效相似，但有必要进一步考虑和优化其他行业物流，如包装和装载率，以提高采用率这个 MB 替代品。EF 气体无法有效穿透商业运输期间香蕉纸箱中通常使用的塑料袋。此外，EF 对香蕉和包装材料的吸附（用作袋子内的缓冲）进一步降低了香蕉周围的实际 EF 浓度。EF 浓度的这些降低转化为柑橘假单胞菌卵的死亡率降低，表明尽管 MB 和 EF 在控制柑橘假单胞菌方面的功效相似，但有必要进一步考虑和优化其他行业物流，如包装和装载率，以提高采用率这个 MB 替代品。