OBJECTIVES To examine the relationships of poor sleep to both subjective and objective cognitive functioning, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms, and mental health variables in college students, controlling for noncredible symptom reporting and noncredible performance. METHODS 99 undergraduate students (Mage = 19.9, SD = 1.1), 60% female and 72% first-year students, completed a neuropsychological battery and self-report questionnaires at a single lab visit. 56% of the sample identified as "poor sleepers" (>5 on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]). RESULTS Poor sleepers reported worse current (college grade point average [GPA]) but not past (high school GPA, American college test [ACT] score) academic performance. Additionally, they reported more mental health concerns, including depression and stress, but not anxiety. Poor sleepers reported more functional impairment and subjective cognitive concerns, including more Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms, more SCT symptoms, and more executive dysfunction, even when controlling for depressive symptoms. However, poor sleepers did not differ from good sleepers on measures of objective cognition. CONCLUSIONS ADHD and SCT symptoms and concerns in college students may be related to poor sleep, which can lead to misdiagnosis for individuals presenting with ADHD-like complaints for the first time in college. Sleep difficulties may be modifiable with empirically supported sleep interventions; thus, in assessment for either of these presentations, a careful sleep history should be taken.

中文翻译：

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存在认知投诉的大学生睡眠不佳与后续误诊风险的相关性

目的 调查大学生睡眠不足与主观和客观认知功能、注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 和认知节奏迟缓 (SCT) 症状以及心理健康变量的关系，控制不可信的症状报告和不可信的表现。方法 99 名本科生（法师 = 19.9，SD = 1.1），60% 的女性和 72% 的一年级学生，在一次实验室访问中完成了神经心理学电池和自我报告问卷。56% 的样本被认定为“睡眠不佳者”（匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 [PSQI] > 5）。结果 睡眠不佳的人报告当前（大学平均绩点 [GPA]）但不是过去（高中 GPA，美国大学考试 [ACT] 分数）的学习成绩较差。此外，他们报告了更多的心理健康问题，包括抑郁和压力，但不包括焦虑。睡眠不佳者报告了更多的功能障碍和主观认知问题，包括更多的精神障碍诊断和统计手册 (DSM) 注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状、更多 SCT 症状和更多执行功能障碍，即使在控制抑郁症状时也是如此。然而，在客观认知方面，睡眠不佳者与睡眠良好者并无区别。结论大学生的ADHD和SCT症状和担忧可能与睡眠不足有关，这可能导致大学第一次出现ADHD样主诉的个体误诊。睡眠困难可以通过经验支持的睡眠干预来改变；因此，在评估这些表现中的任何一个时，都应该仔细记录睡眠史。