Multiple-in-multiple-out (MIMO) technique is one of the critical techniques for 5G and beyond. Each transmitting channel of the MIMO system must be driven by a power amplifier (PA) accordingly, and the output power levels of these PAs are required to be dynamically adjustable according to the data traffics and the high peak-to-average ratio (PAPR) of the transmit signals. For covering different distances and meeting various required data rates, phased-arrays with 64, 256, and even 1024 elements could be employed together with complex-modulated waveforms, such as 16-, 64-, and 256-QAM in single-carrier and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modes used with high PAPR, which creates a strong demand for PAs to have high back-off power efficiency in order to reduce the overall power consumptions of an MIMO system.

中文翻译：

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适用于 5G 及以后的高效宽带射频功率放大器设计

多入多出 (MIMO) 技术是 5G 及以后的关键技术之一。MIMO系统的每个发射通道必须相应地由功率放大器（PA）驱动，并且这些PA的输出功率电平需要根据数据流量和高峰均比（PAPR）动态可调的发射信号。为了覆盖不同的距离并满足各种所需的数据速率，可以将具有 64、256 甚至 1024 个元件的相控阵与复调制波形（例如单载波和 16-、64- 和 256-QAM）一起使用。正交频分复用 (OFDM) 模式与高 PAPR 一起使用，这对 PA 具有高回退功率效率以降低 MIMO 系统的整体功耗提出了强烈要求。