Abstract Vertical profiles of the mean horizontal currents U ( z ), the vertical momentum fluxes τ( z ), and the turbulence kinetic-energy dissipation rates (TKE dissipation rate) ε( z ) in the upper water layer (UWL) are considered and their joint analysis is carried out. For this purpose, data from laboratory measurements performed in the wind-wave channel of the Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) [1, 2], are used. They correspond to conditions of strong wind and breaking wind waves. The profiles of the currents and momentum fluxes are estimated for x and z components of the velocity at five horizons in the UWL at four various wind values. The empirical estimates of ε( z ) obtained from the same data in the previous work [3] are used in the joint analysis. It is established that (a) velocity of currents U ( z ) increases noticeably when compared to the values of U ( z ) in the absence of waves, (b) the momentum flux in the water τ w ( z ) decreases noticeably when compared to that in the air τ a ( z ), and (c) τ w ( z ) significantly attenuates with depth according to ratio τ w ( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 . The mentioned anomalies of profiles U ( z ) and τ( z ) in the UWL are analyzed together with the previously determined pattern of TKE dissipation-rate falloff with depth according to ratio ε( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 in order to search for an interpretation of the results.

中文翻译：

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风波通道中电流、动量通量和湍流耗散率的分布特征

摘要 考虑了上水层 (UWL) 的平均水平流 U ( z )、垂直动量通量 τ( z ) 和湍流动能耗散率 (TKE 耗散率) ε( z ) 的垂直剖面，并他们进行了联合分析。为此，使用了在俄罗斯科学院 (RAS) 应用物理研究所 (RAS) [1, 2] 的风波通道中进行的实验室测量数据。它们对应于强风和破风浪的条件。电流和动量通量的分布是针对 UWL 中五个层级的速度的 x 和 z 分量在四种不同的风值下估计的。在联合分析中使用了从先前工作 [3] 中的相同数据获得的 ε( z ) 的经验估计。已确定 (a) 与没有波浪时的 U ( z ) 值相比时， (a) 水流的速度 U ( z ) 显着增加， (b) 相比之下，水中的动量通量 τ w ( z ) 显着降低τ a ( z ) 和 (c) τ w ( z ) 根据比率 τ w ( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 随深度显着衰减。UWL 中剖面 U ( z ) 和 τ( z ) 的上述异常与先前确定的 TKE 耗散率随深度下降的模式一起根据比率 ε( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 进行分析，以寻找结果的解释。(c) τ w ( z ) 根据比率 τ w ( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 随深度显着衰减。UWL 中剖面 U ( z ) 和 τ( z ) 的上述异常与先前确定的 TKE 耗散率随深度下降的模式一起根据比率 ε( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 进行分析，以寻找结果的解释。(c) τ w ( z ) 根据比率 τ w ( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 随深度显着衰减。UWL 中剖面 U ( z ) 和 τ( z ) 的上述异常与先前确定的 TKE 耗散率随深度下降的模式一起根据比率 ε( z ) ~ 1/ z 2 进行分析，以寻找结果的解释。