Objective The aim of the present study was to investigate the childhood traumas, dissociation and alexithymia levels and defense mechanisms used by migraine patients. Materials and Methods This study included 100 patients diagnosed with migraine-type headaches according to the International Pain Association criteria. Of these 100 patients, 66 (66%) had chronic migraine, 24 (24%) episodic migraine without aura and 10 (10%) episodic migraine with aura. In addition, a control group of 90 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects was also included in the study. All participants completed a Standardized Sociodemographic Data Collection Form, and were administered multiple scales including Beck Depression Inventory, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Childhood Traumas Questionnaire, the Defensive Style Questionnaire and the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Findings The patients had significantly higher dissociation scores and were found to more likely employ immature defense mechanisms compared to healthy controls ( p < 0.001 for both). Similarly, the alexithymia scores for the emotional abuse and neglect subdimensions and the total alexithymia scores were higher in the patient group compared to the control group ( p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion These results indicated that migraine patients had a higher prevalence of childhood traumas, tended to have higher alexithymia, depression and dissociation scores, and were likely to employ immature defense mechanisms compared to healthy individuals. Based on these findings, we suggest that extensive evaluation of migraine patients by healthcare practitioners could be highly beneficial to better understand their clinical features, discover and treat their hidden psychiatric comorbidities, provide better assistance for these patients and improve their functionality.

中文翻译：

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慢性偏头痛患者的防御机制、解离、述情障碍和童年创伤

目的本研究的目的是调查偏头痛患者的童年创伤、分离和述情障碍水平以及防御机制。材料和方法 本研究包括 100 名根据国际疼痛协会标准诊断为偏头痛型头痛的患者。在这 100 名患者中，66 名 (66%) 患有慢性偏头痛，24 名 (24%) 无先兆发作性偏头痛和 10 名 (10%) 有先兆发作性偏头痛。此外，该研究还包括一个由 90 名年龄和性别匹配的健康受试者组成的对照组。所有参与者都完成了标准化的社会人口学数据收集表，并接受了多个量表，包括贝克抑郁量表、多伦多述情障碍量表、童年创伤问卷、防御风格问卷和分离体验量表。结果 与健康对照相比，这些患者的分离评分明显更高，并且被发现更有可能采用不成熟的防御机制（两者 p < 0.001）。同样，与对照组相比，患者组的情感虐待和忽视子维度的述情障碍评分以及总述情障碍评分更高（所有 p < 0.001）。结论 这些结果表明，与健康个体相比，偏头痛患者的童年创伤患病率更高，述情障碍、抑郁和解离评分往往更高，并且可能采用不成熟的防御机制。基于这些发现，我们建议医疗保健从业者对偏头痛患者进行广泛的评估可能非常有益于更好地了解他们的临床特征，