Floral volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are traits that influence plant interactions with pollinators and other species. Interspecific and intraspecific variation in traits can strongly influence community and ecosystem processes. Yet, we lack an understanding of patterns of variation in floral VOCs among individuals of a species and across species at the community-level across years, and the degree to which phylogenetic relatedness among species influences these patterns. Such an understanding is crucial to accurately interpret more complex patterns and predict consequences for pollination services and plant reproduction. We measured floral VOCs within forb populations and across forb species in a subalpine meadow in the Northern Rocky Mountains of USA over 3 years. Forb species varied in their per-flower VOC emissions as well as in the composition, originality (distance from community mean) and uniqueness (distance from nearest neighbor) of their floral VOCs. The originality of a species’ floral VOCs tended to be more consistent through time than uniqueness. Although not related to phylogeny, there were species-specific differences in originality and uniqueness which may reflect responses of forbs to differences in environmental conditions among years. Interestingly, while species harbored different amounts of intraspecific variation (dispersion) in floral VOCs, species were relatively consistent in this variation across years, and there was significant phylogenetic signal in intraspecific variation. The implications of this temporal consistency for plant–pollinator interactions deserve further attention. Investigating links between interspecific and intraspecific variation in floral VOCs with pollination services and plant reproductive success will help establish the consequences of variation in this important trait.

花卉挥发性有机化合物（VOC）是影响植物与授粉媒介和其他物种相互作用的性状。性状的种间和种内变化可以强烈影响群落和生态系统过程。然而，我们缺乏对物种个体之间以及跨社区的物种间多年间花卉VOC变异模式的了解，以及物种间的系统发育相关性影响这些模式的程度。这种理解对于准确解释更复杂的模式并预测授粉服务和植物繁殖的后果至关重要。我们在3年的时间内测量了美国北洛矶山脉亚高山草甸的Forb种群内和Forb物种之间的花卉VOCs。Forb物种的每朵花VOC排放量以及花卉VOC的组成，独创性（与群落平均数的距离）和独特性（与最近邻居的距离）各不相同。一个物种的花卉挥发性有机化合物的原创性往往会随时间而比唯一性更一致。尽管与系统发育无关，但物种的独特性和独特性差异可能反映了多年生福布斯对环境条件差异的反应。有趣的是，尽管物种在花卉VOC中具有不同数量的种内变异（分散），但物种在多年的这种变异中相对一致，并且在种内变异中存在显着的系统发生信号。这种时间一致性对植物与授粉媒介相互作用的影响值得进一步关注。