Abstract

Hydrothermal carbonization offers the opportunity to reduce the issues related to the management of sewage sludge, enhancing dewaterability and avoiding thermal treatment prior landfill disposal or incineration, as water acts as a subcritical medium which catalyzes the process. The hydrochar obtained can find sustainable application as fuel, sorbent and soil amendment. Here, the effects of activation temperature (550–750 °C), time (1–4 h) and impregnation ratio potassium hydroxide: hydrochar (1–3), as well as their interactions, were investigated by Response Surface Methodology. The carbonaceous sorbent was then applied for the removal of terbuthylazine from aqueous solutions. Solid yields up to 32.31% were obtained, with corresponding ash content ranging from 13.05 to 35.06%. The combined effect of time and temperature significantly affects the ash content. An increase of impregnation ratio or temperature leads to low yields but high terbuthylazine adsorption, while the effect of the activation time on the pollutant removal is negligible. Up to 63.87% of the herbicide was adsorbed by the activated material, at terbuthylazine concentration of 2.5 mg L⁻¹. The developed sorbent well fits the circular economy approach, offering a promising potential for sewage sludge management, as well as for water remediation.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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研究污水污泥中碳氢化合物的活化以从水溶液中去除丁丁嗪

摘要

水热碳化为减少与污泥管理，提高脱水能力和避免在垃圾填埋场处置或焚化之前进行热处理提供了机会，因为水是催化该过程的次临界介质。所获得的水炭可以用作燃料，吸附剂和土壤改良剂的可持续应用。在这里，通过响应表面方法研究了活化温度（550–750°C），时间（1-4小时）和氢氧化钾：水炭的浸渍比（1-3）及其相互作用的影响。然后将含碳吸附剂用于从水溶液中去除丁丁嗪。获得的固体产率高达32.31％，相应的灰分含量为13.05至35.06％。时间和温度的综合影响显着影响灰分含量。浸渍率或温度的增加导致收率低，但丁二嗪的吸附率高，而活化时间对污染物去除的影响可忽略不计。在2.5 mg L的丁苯噻嗪浓度下，活化材料最多可吸附63.87％的除草剂^-1。研发的吸附剂非常适合循环经济方法，为污水污泥管理和水修复提供了广阔的前景。

图形摘要