Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and a major cause of disability. The incidence of stroke is increasing because the population is aging. Effective post-stroke care is essential to improve outcomes for both patients and families; however, limited skills and competence, as well as low levels of awareness and knowledge, represent barriers to optimal evidencebased practice in stroke care. The aim of this editorial is to highlight the importance of stroke-related knowledge and skills among nurses and allied professionals. As an example of difficulties, nurses cited limited expertise in oral care and stroke-specific skills as barriers for implementing water protocols in acute stroke care. Previous studies demonstrated that nurses did not have the adequate knowledge and skills to allow them to screen for and treat dysphagia in post-stroke patients, and that they required additional training. In addition, a survey of cardiovascular nurses reported poor knowledge and training in the area of atrial fibrillation and oral anticoagulant therapy, which is vital to prevent stroke. Clinical protocols to manage fever, high sugar, and dysphagia, made digitally available by the Quality in Acute Stroke Care Trial, were downloaded by less than half of the 159 healthcare professionals from 21 countries participating in the study, and the instructions for protocol implementation were not always followed successfully. The findings of these studies represent a sample of the evidence that healthcare providers may have insufficient knowledge and skills to allow them to provide efficient treatment for the post-stroke patient. Such suboptimal care might have serious implications for patient and care outcomes. The current issue of the European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing includes three papers that not only outline the deficiencies of knowledge and skills in the treatment of post-stroke patients, but also note the potential benefits that might be derived from acquiring stroke-related knowledge and skills. The first article, “Cardiac disease and stroke: practical implications for personalised care in cardiacstroke patients. A state of the art review supported by the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Profession,” outlines the significance of primary stroke prevention in cardiac patients. The authors emphasize that global healthcare systems are not sufficiently integrated to allow them to provide individualized care for cardiac-stroke patients. Moreover, the authors highlight the necessity of healthcare providers having significant knowledge about stroke and being aware of challenges faced by patients suffering from both cardiac disease and stroke. In the second article, “Exploring nursing and allied health perspectives of quality oral care after stroke: a qualitative study,” the authors examine the perceptions of stroke nurses and allied healthcare professionals regarding the quality of oral care among patients post stroke. The main findings of this paper highlighted inadequate knowledge, resources, training, and practice related to oral healthcare for patients post stroke in both acute and rehabilitation settings. The third article, “Risk stratification model for poststroke pneumonia in patients with acute ischemic stroke,” deals with the development of a prediction model for post-stroke pneumonia (PSP) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Here, the authors identified factors such as the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score at admission, pulse rate at admission, and percentage of lymphocytes, as important for stratifying the risk of PSP. Applying the risk stratification model will allow healthcare providers to recognize high-risk patients early and undertake interventions to reduce PSP. Given the shortcomings in knowledge and skills, it could be useful to consider the introduction of a broad stroke-training program for nurses and allied professionals. This could improve the quality of post-stroke patient care, promote interactive education and

中文翻译：

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中风后患者护理知识和技能的需求

中风是全球第二大死亡原因，也是导致残疾的主要原因。由于人口老龄化，中风的发病率正在增加。有效的中风后护理对于改善患者和家属的预后至关重要；然而，有限的技能和能力，以及低水平的意识和知识，是中风护理最佳循证实践的障碍。这篇社论的目的是强调中风相关知识和技能在护士和相关专业人员中的重要性。作为困难的一个例子，护士引用了有限的口腔护理专业知识和中风特定技能作为在急性中风护理中实施用水方案的障碍。先前的研究表明，护士没有足够的知识和技能来筛查和治疗中风后患者的吞咽困难，因此他们需要额外的培训。此外，一项针对心血管护士的调查报告称，他们在心房颤动和口服抗凝剂治疗领域的知识和培训不足，这对预防中风至关重要。参与该研究的 21 个国家的 159 名医疗保健专业人员中，只有不到一半下载了由急性中风护理质量试验提供的数字化管理发烧、高糖和吞咽困难的临床方案，方案实施说明是并不总是成功地跟随。这些研究的结果代表了医疗保健提供者可能没有足够的知识和技能来为中风后患者提供有效治疗的证据样本。这种次优护理可能会对患者和护理结果产生严重影响。本期《欧洲心血管护理杂志》包括三篇论文，它们不仅概述了中风后患者治疗中知识和技能的不足，还指出了获得中风相关知识和技能可能带来的潜在好处. 第一篇文章，“心脏病和中风：对心脏病患者个性化护理的实际意义。由心血管护理和相关专业协会支持的最先进的审查，”概述了心脏病患者中风一级预防的重要性。作者强调，全球医疗保健系统没有充分整合，无法为心脏病患者提供个性化护理。此外，作者强调了医疗保健提供者对中风有重要了解并意识到患有心脏病和中风的患者所面临的挑战的必要性。在第二篇文章“探索中风后优质口腔护理的护理和相关健康观点：一项定性研究”中，作者考察了中风护士和相关医疗保健专业人员对中风后患者口腔护理质量的看法。本文的主要发现强调了知识、资源、培训、在急性和康复环境中为中风后患者提供与口腔保健相关的实践。第三篇文章“急性缺血性卒中患者卒中后肺炎的风险分层模型”涉及急性缺血性卒中患者卒中后肺炎 (PSP) 预测模型的开发。在这里，作者确定了入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、入院时脉率和淋巴细胞百分比等因素，这些因素对于 PSP 风险分层很重要。应用风险分层模型将使医疗保健提供者能够及早识别高风险患者并采取干预措施以降低 PSP。鉴于知识和技能上的不足，考虑为护士和相关专业人员引入广泛的中风培训计划可能会有所帮助。这可以提高中风后患者护理的质量，促进互动教育和