Different kinds of synchronization of flowering, and of male and female function, have evolved in many angiosperms. The most complex patterns are heterodichogamy, pseudoheterodichogamy and duodichogamy. In this review, their occurrence across angiosperms is shown and the diversity in heterodichogamy and duodichogamy is outlined. Heterodichogamy is characterized by the occurrence of two temporally complementary genetic morphs, whereas in peudoheterodichogamy and duodichogamy only one morph occurs. In duodichogamy, the two phases result from alternating periods of several days of the same phase three or more times during a flowering season; however, they are of irregular length. In pseudoheterodichogamy, the two phases result from repeated flushes of flowering within individuals always with one or two flowerless days in between. In contrast to duodichogamy, the male and female phases alternate in a daily rhythm coordinated with the day-night rhythm. Heterodichogamy and similar patterns of synchronization are scattered across angiosperms; however, they are especially common in the Magnoliales, Laurales, Canellales, Zingiberales, Ranunculales, Trochodendrales, Fagales, Rosales, Malpighiales, Malvales, Sapindales, Caryophyllales and Apiales.

中文翻译：

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异二合一的结构和时间模式以及跨被子植物的相似模式

在许多被子植物中已经进化出不同类型的同步开花以及雄性和雌性功能。最复杂的模式是异性二婚、伪异二婚和双二婚。在这篇综述中，显示了它们在被子植物中的发生，并概述了异源二合一和双二合一的多样性。异性二婚的特点是出现两种时间互补的遗传变异，而在假异二婚和双二婚中，只出现一种变异。在双双配法中，两个阶段是由同一阶段的数天交替周期产生的，在一个开花季节三次或更多次；然而，它们的长度不规则。在伪异源二择性中，这两个阶段是由个体内部反复开花的结果引起的，中间总是有一两天无花日。与双二婚相反，男性和女性阶段以与昼夜节奏协调的日常节奏交替。异性二择性和类似的同步模式分散在被子植物中；然而，它们在 Magnoliales、Laurales、Canellales、Zingiberales、Raunculales、Trochodendrales、Fagales、Rosales、Malpighiales、Malvales、Sapindales、Caryophyllales 和 Apiales 中特别常见。