Abstract The risk of fire spread in informal settlements is significant and can be analysed as a function of the spatial arrangement of dwellings. Spatial metrics representing density and shape of dwellings are proposed as a method to identify settlements at high risk of fire spread. LiDAR data is used to map dwelling roofs for informal settlements in the City of Cape Town, South Africa. The LiDAR roof dataset is validated against a visually interpreted dataset digitised from 6 cm resolution aerial photography and is found to have an overall completeness and correctness accuracy of greater than 75% with systematic underrepresentation of roofs in the LiDAR dataset. Correlation analysis of metrics derived from the LiDAR dataset and the reference dataset indicates that only the edge density and landscape density metrics could be applied with confidence to all the settlements. These two metrics are then applied to the informal settlements of Kosovo and Imizamo Yethu. A high landscape density in combination with a low edge density is found to be indicative of fire spread risk. This study represents a first step in the development of spatial metrics for understanding informal settlement fire spread risk.

中文翻译：

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来自 LiDAR 屋顶测绘的空间指标，用于南非开普敦非正式住区火灾蔓延风险评估

摘要 非正式住区火灾蔓延的风险很大，可以作为住宅空间布置的函数进行分析。代表住宅密度和形状的空间指标被提议作为一种识别火灾蔓延高风险住区的方法。LiDAR 数据用于绘制南非开普敦市非正式住区的住宅屋顶图。LiDAR 屋顶数据集针对从 6 厘米分辨率航空摄影数字化的视觉解释数据集进行了验证，发现其整体完整性和正确性精度超过 75%，并且 LiDAR 数据集中的屋顶系统代表性不足。来自 LiDAR 数据集和参考数据集的指标的相关分析表明，只有边缘密度和景观密度指标可以自信地应用于所有聚落。然后将这两个指标应用于科索沃和 Imizamo Yethu 的非正式定居点。发现高景观密度与低边缘密度相结合是火灾蔓延风险的指标。这项研究代表了开发用于了解非正式住区火灾蔓延风险的空间指标的第一步。