Background Viral infections can reduce early cancer development through enhancement of cancer immunosurveillance. This study was performed to analyse this effect of viral infection in a mouse model of solid tumor. Methods The experimental model used was the effect of BALB/c mouse infection by lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus on AB1 mesothelioma cancer development. Results Acute infection with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus strongly reduced in vivo early AB1 mesothelioma growth and death resulting from cancer development. This effect was not due to a direct cytolytic effect of the virus on AB1 cells, but to an in vivo activation of natural killer cells. Gamma-interferon production rather than cytotoxic activity against AB1 cells mediated this protective effect. This gamma-interferon production by natural killer cells was dependent on interleukin-12 production. Conclusions Together with other reported effects of infectious agents on cancer development, this observation may support the hypothesis that enhancement of innate immunosurveillance against tumors may result from infection with common infectious agents through modulation of the host immune microenvironment.

中文翻译：

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乳酸脱氢酶升高病毒增强自然杀伤细胞介导的小鼠间皮瘤发展免疫监视

背景病毒感染可以通过增强癌症免疫监视来减少早期癌症的发展。进行这项研究是为了分析病毒感染在实体瘤小鼠模型中的这种影响。方法所用的实验模型是乳酸脱氢酶升高病毒感染BALB/c小鼠对AB1间皮瘤癌发展的影响。结果 乳酸脱氢酶升高病毒的急性感染大大减少了体内早期 AB1 间皮瘤的生长和癌症发展导致的死亡。这种作用不是由于病毒对 AB1 细胞的直接溶细胞作用，而是由于自然杀伤细胞的体内活化。γ-干扰素的产生而不是针对 AB1 细胞的细胞毒活性介导了这种保护作用。自然杀伤细胞产生的这种γ-干扰素依赖于白细胞介素12的产生。结论 连同其他报道的感染因子对癌症发展的影响，这一观察结果可能支持这样的假设，即通过调节宿主免疫微环境感染常见的感染因子可能会增强对肿瘤的先天免疫监视。