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Reversible Decomposition of Single-Crystal Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Nanorods.
ACS Central Science ( IF 12.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 , DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00385
Yong-Ryun Jo 1 , Jerry Tersoff 2 , Min-Woo Kim 1 , Junghwan Kim 3 , Bong-Joong Kim 1
Affiliation  

Perovskite solar cells offer remarkable performance, but further advances will require deeper understanding and control of the materials and processing. Here, we fabricate the first single crystal nanorods of intermediate phase (MAI-PbI2-DMSO), allowing us to directly observe the phase evolution while annealing in situ in a high-vacuum transmission electron microscope, which lets up separate thermal effects from other environmental conditions such as oxygen and moisture. We attain the first full determination of the crystal structures and orientations of the intermediate phase, evolving perovskite, precipitating PbI2, and e-beam induced PbI2 during phase conversion and decomposition. Surprisingly, the perovskite decomposition to PbI2 is reversible upon cooling, critical for long-term device endurance due to the formation of MAI-rich MAPbI3 and PbI2 upon heating. Quantitative measurements with a thermodynamic model suggest the decomposition is entropically driven. The single crystal MAPbI3 nanorods obtained via thermal cycling exhibit excellent mobility and trap density, with full reversibility up to 100 °C (above the maximum temperature for solar cell operation) under high vacuum, offering unique potential for high-performance flexible solar cells.

中文翻译:

单晶甲基铵碘化铅钙钛矿纳米棒的可逆分解。

钙钛矿太阳能电池具有卓越的性能,但进一步的进步需要对材料和加工过程有更深入的了解和控制。在这里,我们制造了第一个中间相单晶纳米棒 (MAI-PbI 2 -DMSO),使我们能够在高真空透射电子显微镜中原位退火时直接观察相演变,从而将热效应与其他环境条件,如氧气和水分。我们首次完全确定了中间相的晶体结构和取向、钙钛矿的演化、PbI 2 的沉淀以及相转换和分解过程中电子束诱导的 PbI 2。令人惊讶的是,钙钛矿分解为 PbI2在冷却时是可逆的,由于加热时形成富含 MAI 的 MAPbI 3和PbI 2,这对器件的长期耐久性至关重要。热力学模型的定量测量表明分解是熵驱动的。通过热循环获得的单晶 MAPbI 3纳米棒在高真空下表现出优异的迁移率和陷阱密度,完全可逆性高达 100 °C(高于太阳能电池工作的最高温度),为高性能柔性太阳能电池提供了独特的潜力。
更新日期:2020-06-24
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