By increasing the internet of things (IoT) applications, multi-channel wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used as a promising technology. Due to power constraints in WSNs, increasing the network’s lifetime is a challenging issue that must be satisfied in any design, obviously medium-access control (MAC) and routing protocols. In this paper, we proposed a joint MAC and routing mechanism that improves power consumption as well as both end-to-end delay and packet delivery ratio. For the proposed MAC protocol, adaptive sleep–wake scheduling based on nodes’ utilization and energy level helps a sender to avoid multiple synchronization and competition periods for any data transmission. In addition, by prioritizing channels based on the number of competing nodes and channels’ utilization, the proposed method prevents channels’ saturation. Thus, network load will be balanced over different channels. Furthermore, the opportunistic routing is restricted by a forwarding zone to increase the route quality, which balances loads among different next-hop candidates. Simulation results show the performance improvement of the proposed method over the most similar works ( MORR protocol and SLOR protocol).

中文翻译：

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多通道 WSN 具有自适应占空比的负载平衡和能量感知机会路由

通过增加物联网 (IoT) 应用，多通道无线传感器网络 (WSN) 被广泛用作一种有前途的技术。由于 WSN 的功率限制，增加网络的寿命是任何设计都必须满足的具有挑战性的问题，显然是媒体访问控制 (MAC) 和路由协议。在本文中，我们提出了一种联合 MAC 和路由机制，可以提高功耗以及端到端延迟和数据包传输率。对于所提出的 MAC 协议，基于节点利用率和能量水平的自适应睡眠-唤醒调度有助于发送方避免任何数据传输的多个同步和竞争周期。此外，通过根据竞争节点的数量和信道的利用率对信道进行优先级排序，所提出的方法可以防止信道饱和。因此，网络负载将在不同的通道上平衡。此外，机会路由受到转发区域的限制以提高路由质量，从而平衡不同下一跳候选之间的负载。仿真结果表明，所提出的方法在最相似的工作（MORR 协议和 SLOR 协议）上有性能提升。