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Environmental drivers of oceanic foraging site fidelity in central place foragers
Marine Biology ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s00227-020-03685-y
Dahlia Foo , Mark Hindell , Clive McMahon , Simon Goldsworthy , Fred Bailleul

Finding food is crucial to the survival and reproductive success of individuals. Fidelity to previous profitable foraging sites may bring benefits to individuals as they can allocate more time to foraging rather than searching for prey. We studied how environmental conditions influence when lactating long-nosed fur seals ( Arctocephalus forsteri ) adopt a risky (low fidelity) or conservative (high fidelity) foraging strategy at two intra-annual temporal scales when foraging in a highly variable oceanic environment. Core foraging areas (CFAs; n = 534; 30 × 30 km cells) of consecutive foraging trips were obtained from geolocation tracks of 12 females from summer to winter in 2016 ( n = 5) and 2017 ( n = 7). We used the spatial variability (standard deviation) of CFAs between or among oceanic foraging trips as a proxy for individual foraging site fidelity (IFSF). Over the entire oceanic foraging period ( n = 12), IFSF in the latitudinal axis increased with stronger sea-surface temperature gradient (SSTgrad), but decreased with greater SSTgrad and sea-surface height gradient variability. Over a period of two consecutive oceanic foraging trips ( n = 66), IFSF decreased with greater SSTgrad variability in the earlier foraging trip. LNFS show evidence that they use IFSF as a strategy to potentially optimise food acquisition, and that this behaviour is influenced by mesoscale oceanographic parameters.

中文翻译:

中心地点觅食者海洋觅食地点保真度的环境驱动因素

寻找食物对于个体的生存和繁殖成功至关重要。忠于以前有利可图的觅食地点可能会给个人带来好处,因为他们可以分配更多时间进行觅食而不是寻找猎物。我们研究了当哺乳长鼻海狗 ( Arctocephalus forsteri ) 在高度可变的海洋环境中觅食时,在两个年内时间尺度上采用冒险(低保真)或保守(高保真)觅食策略时环境条件如何影响。从2016年( n = 5)和2017年( n = 7)的夏季到冬季的12只雌性的地理定位轨迹中获得连续觅食旅行的核心觅食区(CFA; n = 534; 30×30 km单元)。我们使用海洋觅食旅行之间或之中的 CFA 的空间变异性(标准偏差)作为个体觅食地点保真度 (IFSF) 的代理。在整个海洋觅食期(n = 12),纬度轴上的IFSF随着海面温度梯度(SSTgrad)的增强而增加,但随着SSTgrad和海面高度梯度变化的增加而降低。在连续两次海洋觅食之旅 (n = 66) 期间,IFSF 随较早觅食之旅中更大的 SSTgrad 变异性而下降。LNFS 显示了他们使用 IFSF 作为潜在优化食物获取策略的证据,并且这种行为受到中尺度海洋参数的影响。纬度轴上的IFSF随着海面温度梯度(SSTgrad)的增加而增加,但随着海面温度梯度和海面高度梯度变化的增加而降低。在连续两次海洋觅食之旅 (n = 66) 期间,IFSF 随较早觅食之旅中更大的 SSTgrad 变异性而下降。LNFS 显示了他们使用 IFSF 作为潜在优化食物获取策略的证据,并且这种行为受到中尺度海洋参数的影响。纬度轴上的IFSF随着海面温度梯度(SSTgrad)的增加而增加,但随着海面温度梯度和海面高度梯度变化的增加而降低。在连续两次海洋觅食之旅 (n = 66) 期间,IFSF 随较早觅食之旅中更大的 SSTgrad 变异性而下降。LNFS 显示了他们使用 IFSF 作为潜在优化食物获取策略的证据,并且这种行为受到中尺度海洋参数的影响。
更新日期:2020-05-05
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