Indigenous people play an integral role in shaping natural environments, and the disruption to Indigenous land management practices has profound effects on the biosphere. Here, we use pollen, charcoal and dendrochronological analyses to demonstrate that the Australian landscape at the time of British invasion in the 18th century was a heavily constructed one-the product of millennia of active maintenance by Aboriginal Australians. Focusing on the Surrey Hills, Tasmania, our results reveal how the removal of Indigenous burning regimes following British invasion instigated a process of ecological succession and the encroachment of cool temperate rainforest (i.e. later-stage vegetation communities) into grasslands of conservation significance. This research provides empirical evidence to challenge the long-standing portrayal of Indigenous Australians as low-impact 'hunter-gatherers' and highlights the relevance and critical value of Indigenous fire management in this era of heightened bushfire risk and biodiversity loss.

中文翻译：

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英国入侵澳大利亚后本土建筑景观的丧失：深入了解澳大利亚景观上深刻的人类印记。


原住民在塑造自然环境方面发挥着不可或缺的作用，原住民土地管理实践的破坏对生物圈产生了深远的影响。在这里，我们使用花粉、木炭和树木年代学分析来证明，18 世纪英国入侵时的澳大利亚景观是一座精心建造的景观，是澳大利亚原住民数千年积极维护的产物。我们的研究结果以塔斯马尼亚州萨里山为重点，揭示了英国入侵后土著燃烧制度的消除如何引发了生态演替过程以及冷温带雨林（即后期植被群落）对具有保护意义的草原的侵蚀。这项研究提供了实证证据来挑战澳大利亚土著人长期以来被描述为影响较小的“狩猎采集者”，并强调了土著火灾管理在这个丛林火灾风险加剧和生物多样性丧失的时代的相关性和关键价值。