This paper compares clinician hand motion for common suturing tasks across a range of experience levels and tissue types. Medical students (32), residents (41), attending surgeons (10), and retirees (2) were recorded on digital video while suturing on one of: foam, pig feet, or porcine bowel. Depending on time in position, each medical student, resident, and attending participant was classified as junior or senior, yielding six experience categories. This work focuses on trends associated with increasing tenure observed from those medical students (10), residents (15), and attendings (10) who sutured on foam, and draws comparison across tissue types where pertinent. Utilizing custom software, the two-dimensional location of each of the participant's hands were automatically recorded in every video frame, producing a rich spatiotemporal feature set. While suturing on foam, increasing clinician experience was associated with conserved path length per cycle of the non-dominant hand, significantly reducing from junior medical students (mean = 73.63 cm, sd = 33.21 cm) to senior residents (mean = 46.16 cm, sd = 14.03 cm, p = 0.015), and again between senior residents and senior attendings (mean = 30.84 cm, sd = 14.51 cm, p = 0.045). Despite similar maneuver rates, attendings also accelerated less with their non-dominant hand (mean = 16.27 cm/s², sd = 81.12 cm/s², p = 0.002) than senior residents (mean = 24.84 cm/s², sd = 68.29 cm/s², p = 0.002). While tying, medical students moved their dominant hands slower (mean = 4.39 cm/s, sd = 1.73 cm/s, p = 0.033) than senior residents (mean = 6.53 cm/s, sd = 2.52 cm/s). These results suggest that increased psychomotor performance during early training manifest through faster dominant hand function, while later increases are characterized by conserving energy and efficiently distributing work between hands. Incorporating this scalable video-based motion analysis into regular formative assessment routines may enable greater quality and consistency of feedback throughout a surgical career.

本文比较了各种经验水平和组织类型下常见的缝合任务的临床医生手部动作。在缝制泡沫，猪脚或猪肠之一的同时，在数字视频中记录了医学生（32），居民（41），主治医生（10）和退休人员（2）。根据在位时间，将每个医学生，住院医师和与会参与者分为大三或大三，产生六个经验类别。这项工作着眼于与使用泡沫缝合的医学生（10），居民（15）和参加者（10）观察到的与任期增加相关的趋势，并在相关组织类型之间进行比较。利用自定义软件，参与者的每只手的二维位置会自动记录在每个视频帧中，产生丰富的时空特征集。在缝合泡沫时，不断增加的临床医生经验与不占优势的手的每个周期的保存路径长度有关，从初级医学生（平均= 73.63 cm，标准差= 33.21 cm）到高级居民（平均= 46.16 cm，标准差）显着减少= 14.03厘米，p  = 0.015），以及高级居民和高级就诊之间的平均值（平均值= 30.84厘米，标准差= 14.51厘米，p  = 0.045）。尽管回旋率相近，但不占主导地位的手（平均= 16.27 cm / s ²，sd = 81.12 cm / s ²，p  = 0.002）的上座率也要比老年人（平均= 24.84 cm / s ²，sd = 68.29 cm / s ²，p  = 0.002）。绑扎时，医学专业学生的优势手移动得更慢（平均值= 4.39 cm / s，sd = 1.73 cm / s，p =0.033）高于老年人（平均= 6.53 cm / s，sd = 2.52 cm / s）。这些结果表明，在早期训练中，精神运动表现的提高是通过较快的优势手功能表现出来的，而后来的增长则表现为节约能量并有效地分配了双手之间的功。将这种可伸缩的基于视频的运动分析纳入常规的形成性评估程序中，可以在整个外科手术过程中提高反馈的质量和一致性。