Slow axonal transport conveys cytosolic and cytoskeletal proteins into axons and synapses at overall velocities that are several orders of magnitude slower than the fast transport of membranous organelles such as vesicles and mitochondria. The phenomenon of slow transport was characterized by in vivo pulse-chase radiolabeling studies done decades ago, and proposed models emphasized an orderly cargo-movement, with apparent cohesive transport of multiple proteins and subcellular structures along axons over weeks to months. However, visualization of cytosolic and cytoskeletal cargoes in cultured neurons at much higher temporal and spatial resolution has revealed an unexpected diversity in movement - ranging from a diffusion-like biased motion, to intermittent cargo dynamics and unusual polymerization-based transport paradigms. This review provides an updated view of slow axonal transport and explores emergent mechanistic themes in this enigmatic rate-class.

中文翻译：

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在缓慢的轴突运输中寻找秩序。

缓慢的轴突运输将细胞质和细胞骨架蛋白以比囊泡和线粒体等膜状细胞器的快速运输慢几个数量级的整体速度传送到轴突和突触中。缓慢运输现象的特点是几十年前进行的体内脉冲追踪放射性标记研究，并且提出的模型强调有序的货物运动，多个蛋白质和亚细胞结构在数周到数月内沿着轴突明显的内聚运输。然而，在更高的时间和空间分辨率下对培养神经元中细胞溶质和细胞骨架货物的可视化揭示了运动的意外多样性——从类似扩散的偏置运动到间歇性货物动力学和不寻常的基于聚合的运输范式。