Objective. The aim of this study was to histologically examine the tissue reaction of three different calcium silicate cements in the closure of perforations in rat incisor teeth. Material and Methods. An experimental lateral root perforation with pulp exposure was performed in 32 lower incisors of 16 male Wistar albino rats. They were randomly assigned into three test groups (each including eight teeth) that were filled either by Biodentine (BD) or MicroMega mineral trioxide aggregate (MM-MTA) or EndoSequence root repair material putty (ESRRM putty), besides eight unperforated incisors from the other four rats (control group). The inflammatory response and healing process were evaluated histologically and scored after one and four weeks. Differences among groups were tested by Kruskal–Wallis tests at . Results. In the first week, BD produced more inflammatory response in the pulpal (score 3) than other materials (score 2). Only ESRRM putty showed odontoblast-like cells in 50%, 25% dentine-like deposit, 25% evidence of bone deposition in the drilling site (score 2), and minimum periodontal ligament (PDL) necrosis and disorganization (25%, score 2). After one month, all groups had healthy pulpal tissue, but 25% of ESRRM putty retained score 1 inflammatory response, and 50% of the BD case had an incomplete palisading odontoblast layer (score 3). A thick and regular dentine bridge deposition was seen in the ESRRM putty group in comparison with MM-MTA and BD cases. The cortical plate healing in all ESRRM putty samples was complete (score 3), while an incomplete closure was seen in MM-MTA and BD groups (score 2). Both the MM-MTA and ESRRM putty groups had fully organized PDL (score 2), while in 50% of BD cases, a necrotizing area and disorganized PDL with inflammatory cells infiltration were still present. Statistically significant differences in the scores of any histologic parameters among the three tested materials were observed neither in the 1st nor in the 4th weeks of the experimental period. Conclusion. Better tissue compatibility and repair of pulpal and periodontal tissue have been detected after lateral perforation in the root of rat incisors when treated with ESRRM putty than MM-MTA and BD. However, the difference was not significant.

中文翻译：

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牙髓-牙本质复合物、PDL 和骨对三种硅酸钙基水泥的反应：动物大鼠模型的组织学研究。

客观。本研究的目的是组织学检查三种不同硅酸钙水泥在大鼠门牙穿孔闭合中的组织反应。材料与方法. 在 16 只雄性 Wistar 白化病大鼠的 32 颗下门牙中进行了实验性的侧根穿孔和牙髓暴露。他们被随机分配到三个测试组（每组包括八颗牙齿），这些测试组填充有 Biodentine (BD) 或 MicroMega 矿物三氧化物骨料 (MM-MTA) 或 EndoSequence 根修复材料腻子 (ESRRM putty)，此外还有八颗未穿孔的门牙。其他四只大鼠（对照组）。对炎症反应和愈合过程进行组织学评估，并在 1 周和 4 周后评分。通过 Kruskal-Wallis 检验测试组间的差异。结果 . 在第一周，BD 在牙髓（得分 3）中产生的炎症反应比其他材料（得分 2）更多。只有 ESRRM 腻子在 50% 中显示成牙本质细胞样细胞，25% 牙本质样沉积物，25% 钻孔部位有骨沉积证据（2 分），最小牙周韧带 (PDL) 坏死和瓦解（25%，2 分） ）。一个月后，所有组的牙髓组织都健康，但 25% 的 ESRRM 腻子保留了 1 分的炎症反应，50% 的 BD 病例有不完整的栅状成牙本质细胞层（3 分）。与 MM-MTA 和 BD 病例相比，ESRRM 腻子组可见厚而规则的牙本质桥沉积。所有 ESRRM 腻子样品中的皮质板愈合是完全的（得分 3），而在 MM-MTA 和 BD 组中观察到不完全闭合（得分 2）。MM-MTA 和 ESRRM 腻子组均具有完全组织的 PDL（得分 2），而在 50% 的 BD 病例中，仍然存在坏死区域和具有炎症细胞浸润的杂乱无章的 PDL。在实验期的第 1 周和第 4 周均未观察到三种测试材料之间任何组织学参数评分的统计学显着差异。结论。与MM-MTA和BD相比，ESRRM腻子处理大鼠门牙根侧侧穿孔后的组织相容性和牙髓和牙周组织修复效果更好。然而，差异并不显着。