The last century has witnessed several assaults from RNA viruses, resulting in millions of death throughout the world. The 21st century appears no longer an exception, with the trend continued with escalated fear of SARS coronavirus in 2002 and further concern of influenza H5N1 in 2003. A novel influenza virus created the first pandemic of the 21st century, the pandemic flu in 2009 preceded with the emergence of another deadly virus, MERS-CoV in 2012. A novel coronavirus "SARS-CoV-2" (and the disease COVID-19) emerged suddenly, causing a rapid outbreak with a moderate case fatality rate. This virus is continuing to cause health care providers grave concern due to the lack of any existing immunity in the human population, indicating their novelty and lack of previous exposure. The big question is whether this novel virus will be establishing itself in an endemic form or will it eventually die out? Endemic viruses during circulation may acquire mutations to infect naïve, as well as individual with pre-existing immunity. Continuous monitoring is strongly advisable, not only to the newly infected individuals, but also to those recovered individuals who were infected by SARS-CoV-2 as re-infection may lead to the selection of escape mutants and subsequent dissemination to the population.

中文翻译：

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新型冠状病毒和COVID-19的出现：是留下还是消亡？

上个世纪目睹了RNA病毒的多次袭击，导致全世界数百万人死亡。21世纪似乎不再例外，随着2002年对SARS冠状病毒的恐惧升级和2003年对H5N1流感的进一步担忧，这种趋势继续发展。一种新型流感病毒创造了21世纪的第一场大流行，2009年爆发了大流行性流感。在2012年，又出现了另一种致命病毒MERS-CoV。一种新型冠状病毒“ SARS-CoV-2”（以及COVID-19疾病）突然出现，造成了中等疾病死亡率的快速爆发。由于该人群缺乏任何现存的免疫力，因此这种病毒继续引起医疗保健人员的严重关注，表明他们的新颖性和以往的接触不足。最大的问题是，这种新型病毒是否会以地方性形式建立，还是最终消亡？循环过程中的地方性病毒可能会获得突变，从而感染幼稚的人以及具有预先存在的免疫力的个体。强烈建议进行连续监测，不仅对新感染的个体，而且对那些被SARS-CoV-2感染的康复个体也要进行监测，因为再次感染可能会导致选择逃逸突变体并随后向人群传播。