SIGNIFICANCE Although the clinical potential for Raman spectroscopy (RS) has been anticipated for decades, it has only recently been used in neurosurgery. Still, few devices have succeeded in making their way into the operating room. With recent technological advancements, however, vibrational sensing is poised to be a revolutionary tool for neurosurgeons. AIM We give a summary of neurosurgical workflows and key translational milestones of RS in clinical use and provide the optics and data science background required to implement such devices. APPROACH We performed an extensive review of the literature, with a specific emphasis on research that aims to build Raman systems suited for a neurosurgical setting. RESULTS The main translatable interest in Raman sensing rests in its capacity to yield label-free molecular information from tissue intraoperatively. Systems that have proven usable in the clinical setting are ergonomic, have a short integration time, and can acquire high-quality signal even in suboptimal conditions. Moreover, because of the complex microenvironment of brain tissue, data analysis is now recognized as a critical step in achieving high performance Raman-based sensing. CONCLUSIONS The next generation of Raman-based devices are making their way into operating rooms and their clinical translation requires close collaboration between physicians, engineers, and data scientists.

中文翻译：

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拉曼光谱在神经外科领域的兴起：综述。


意义 尽管拉曼光谱 (RS) 的临床潜力几十年来一直被人们所期待，但它直到最近才被用于神经外科。尽管如此，很少有设备能够成功进入手术室。然而，随着最近的技术进步，振动传感有望成为神经外科医生的革命性工具。目的 我们总结了神经外科工作流程和 RS 在临床使用中的关键转化里程碑，并提供了实施此类设备所需的光学和数据科学背景。方法 我们对文献进行了广泛的回顾，特别强调了旨在构建适合神经外科环境的拉曼系统的研究。结果拉曼传感的主要可转化兴趣在于其在术中从组织中产生无标记分子信息的能力。经证明可在临床环境中使用的系统符合人体工程学，集成时间短，即使在次优条件下也能获取高质量信号。此外，由于脑组织的微环境复杂，数据分析现在被认为是实现基于拉曼的高性能传感的关键步骤。结论 下一代基于拉曼的设备正在进入手术室，其临床转化需要医生、工程师和数据科学家之间的密切合作。