Chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5) dialysis patients who stay long term in uremic environment often exhibit several, poorly defined, immune impairments. In this study, we assessed peripheral virus-specific effector/memory cells and subpopulations of T, B and DC cells using ELISPOT and FACS methods in 74 low-risk kidney transplant candidates without anti-HLA antibodies, prior to transplantation in pre-emptive (never experienced dialysis) and dialysis cohorts. There was difference in circulating marginal zone B cells (MZB) (IgD^highCD27^high) between dialysis patients and those receiving kidney grafts pre-emptively (P = .002). Patients treated on dialysis >12 months had also 4.2-fold greater risk of increased absolute numbers of MZB (95%CI:1.6–11.2; P = .004). There were no other differences in B-, T- and DC-cell subsets. Numbers of effector/memory T cells reactive to major opportunistic virus-specific antigens (CMV, BKV and EBV) were not affected by dialysis. Non-sensitised dialysis-treated patients displayed significantly more circulating MZB compared to those CKD5 patients that had never undergone dialysis therapy.

长期留在尿毒症环境中的慢性肾脏疾病5期（CKD5）透析患者通常表现出几种免疫功能低下的疾病。在这项研究中，我们以ELISPOT和FACS方法评估了74例无抗HLA抗体的低危肾移植候选者中的外周病毒特异性效应子/记忆细胞以及T，B和DC细胞亚群，然后以先发制人（从未经历过透析）和透析队列。透析患者与先行接受肾移植的患者之间的循环边缘区B细胞（MZB）（IgD^高CD27^高）有差异（P  = .002）。透析> 12个月的患者发生MZB绝对数增加的风险也高4.2倍（95％CI：1.6-11.2；P  = .004）。B细胞，T细胞和DC细胞子集没有其他差异。对主要机会性病毒特异性抗原（CMV，BKV和EBV）有反应的效应子/记忆T细胞的数量不受透析的影响。与从未接受过透析治疗的CKD5患者相比，未经敏化透析治疗的患者显示出更多的循环MZB。