Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to describe the use of patient-specific three-dimensional (3D)-printed osteotomy guides, repositioning guides and custom-printed titanium plates for acute correction of antebrachial limb deformities in four dogs.

Methods Retrospective review of antebrachial limb deformities in small breed chondrodystrophic dogs that were surgically corrected using a closing wedge ostectomy of the radius at a predetermined site using patient-specific osteotomy guides. Reduction was achieved without the need for intraoperative measurements using patient-specific 3D-printed repositioning guides secured and manipulated using temporary Kirschner wire fixation. The ostectomy of the radius was stabilized with a patient-specific 3D-printed titanium plate.

Results All limbs were corrected to within 3.5 degrees (standard deviation [SD]: 1 degree) and 7.5 degrees (SD: 3 degrees) of the pre-planned deformity correction in the frontal and sagittal planes, respectively. No complications were encountered. Owners completed a canine orthopaedic index survey at a median postoperative follow-up time of 19 months. Surgery eliminated the main presenting complaint of buckling over of the manus in all cases.

Clinical Significance The 3D-printed osteotomy repositioning guides and titanium plates facilitated accurate acute correction of antebrachial deformities in this case series. The methodology described simplifies intraoperative surgical decision-making on limb position with good clinical outcomes seen in a small number of clinical cases.

Authors' Contributions

Darren Carwardine partly wrote the manuscript and analysed the data collected. Mark Gosling identified suitable cases, partly wrote the manuscript and reviewed the draft manuscript. Neil Burton performed surgery for one of the cases, constructed two of the figures, reviewed the draft manuscript and was one of the authors with the initial thoughts to develop the manuscript. Ffion O'Malley was involved in surgical planning for all cases, implant development, provided 3D reconstruction images for the manuscript and reviewed the manuscript. Kevin Parsons performed surgery on three of the cases, reviewed the manuscript and was one of the authors with the initial thoughts to develop the manuscript.

中文翻译：

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用于急性矫正犬前臂肢体畸形的三维打印患者专用截骨导板、重新定位导板和钛板。

摘要

目的 本研究的目的是描述使用患者特定的 3D (3D) 打印截骨导板、重新定位导板和定制打印的钛板来急性矫正四只犬的前臂肢体畸形。

方法 回顾性审查小型软骨营养不良犬的前臂肢体畸形，这些犬使用患者特定的截骨术指南在预定部位使用闭合楔形截骨术矫正桡骨。使用临时克氏针固定器固定和操纵患者特定的 3D 打印重新定位指南，无需进行术中测量即可实现复位。桡骨截骨术使用患者专用的 3D 打印钛板进行稳定。

结果 所有肢体均分别在额状面和矢状面的预先计划的畸形矫正的3.5度（标准偏差[SD]：1度）和7.5度（SD：3度）内进行矫正。没有遇到并发症。业主在中位术后随访时间为 19 个月时完成了犬骨科指数调查。手术消除了在所有情况下手部屈曲的主要主诉。

临床意义 在本病例系列中，3D 打印截骨术重新定位导板和钛板促进了前臂畸形的准确急性矫正。所描述的方法简化了术中对肢体位置的手术决策，在少数临床病例中看到了良好的临床结果。

作者的贡献

Darren Carwardine 部分撰写了手稿并分析了收集的数据。Mark Gosling 确定了合适的案例，部分撰写了手稿并审查了手稿草稿。Neil Burton 为其中一个病例进行了手术，构建了两个图形，审阅了手稿草稿，并且是最初构思手稿的作者之一。Ffion O'Malley 参与了所有病例的手术计划、种植体开发，为手稿提供了 3D 重建图像并审阅了手稿。凯文·帕森斯 (Kevin Parsons) 对其中的三个病例进行了手术，审阅了手稿，并且是最初考虑编写手稿的作者之一。