Basidioma is the fruiting body of mushroom species. The deep understanding on the mechanism of basidioma development is valuable for mushroom breeding and cultivation. From winter mushroom (Flammulina velutipes), one of the top five industrially cultivated mushrooms, a novel putative Zn(II)2Cys6 transcription factor LFC1 with negative regulatory function in basidioma development was identified. The transcript level of lfc1 was dramatically decreased during basidioma development. Neither overexpression nor knockdown of lfc1 affected hyphal vegetative growth. However, knockdown of lfc1 could promote basidioma development and shorten cultivation time by 2 days, while overexpression of lfc1 delayed the optimal harvest time by 3 days. In the lfc1 knockdown strain, in which the lfc1 expression was reduced by 72%, mushroom yield and biological efficiency could be increased at least by 24%. Knockdown of lfc1 did not affect the shape of caps but significantly increased basidioma length and number, while its overexpression did not affect basidioma length but dramatically reduced basidioma number. In addition, rather than producing basidiomata with round caps as in wild type, the caps of basidiomata in the lfc1 overexpression mutants were significantly larger and the cap edge was wrinkled. RNA-seq analysis revealed that 455 genes had opposite transcriptional responses to lfc1 overexpression and knockdown. Some of them were previously reported as genes involved in basidioma development, including 3 hydrophobin encoding genes, 2 lectin encoding genes, FVFD16, an Eln2 ortholog encoding gene, and 3 genes encoding membrane components. As LFC1 homologs are widely present in mushroom species, lfc1 can be useful in mushroom breeding.

basidioma是蘑菇种的子实体。对担子瘤发生机理的深入了解对于蘑菇的育种和栽培具有重要的参考价值。从冬季蘑菇（金针菇）（工业生产的前五名蘑菇之一）中，鉴定出了一种新型的假定的Zn（II）2Cys6转录因子LFC1，其在基底瘤的发展中具有负调控功能。在基底细胞瘤发生发展过程中，lfc1的转录水平显着下降。lfc1的过表达或敲低都不会影响菌丝营养生长。然而，敲低lfc1可以促进基底细胞瘤的发展，并缩短培养时间2天，而lfc1的过表达将最佳收获时间延迟了3天。在lfc1敲低菌株中，lfc1的表达降低了72％，蘑菇的产量和生物学效率至少可以提高24％。敲低lfc1不会影响瓶盖的形状，但会显着增加基底细胞瘤的长度和数目，而其过表达不会影响基底细胞瘤的长度，但会显着降低基底细胞瘤的数目。另外，lfc1过表达突变体中basidiomata的帽盖明显更大，并且帽沿皱褶，而不是像野生型那样产生带有圆形帽的basidiomata 。RNA-seq分析显示455个基因对lfc1的转录反应相反过度表达和击倒。其中一些以前被报道为参与基底皮瘤发展的基因，包括3个疏水蛋白编码基因，2个凝集素编码基因，FVFD16，Eln2直向同源物编码基因和3个编码膜成分的基因。由于LFC1同源物广泛存在于蘑菇物种中，因此lfc1可用于蘑菇育种。