The aims of this study were to implement a rapid easy methodology, to characterize the antimicrobial resistance gene (AMR) gut content associated with Enterobacteriales and staphylococci; and to evaluate statistical association between AMRs present in fecal samples from healthy companion animals and their human household members. Fecal samples were collected from 27 humans and 29 companion animals living in close contact in 20 households. Nineteen healthy humans without daily contact with companion animals were the control group. After DNA extraction, β-lactamase families and 10 genes of other antimicrobial classes were screened by PCR. Furthermore, third-generation cephalosporin-resistant, carbapenem-resistant, and colistin-resistant Enterobacteriales and methicillin-resistant staphylococci were screened by bacteriological methods. The bla_TEM-1B gene with a P3 promotor was the most frequent β-lactam-resistant gene detected in humans and companion animals from households (33.3%, and 17.2%, respectively). The sul2 was the most frequently shared gene by humans and animals from the same household. In 50% of households at least one AMR was detected simultaneously in companion animal/owner pairs. Healthy humans and companion animals carried several AMRs of clinical importance. To the best our knowledge, this study reports the first detection of the bla_SHV-27 gene in fecal samples from healthy humans in Portugal and in Europe.

中文翻译：

---

伴侣动物及其人类家庭成员共享临床上重要的抗菌素耐药基因。

这项研究的目的是实施一种快速简便的方法，以表征与肠杆菌和葡萄球菌相关的抗菌素耐药基因（AMR）肠道含量。并评估健康伴侣动物粪便样本中存在的AMR及其人类家庭成员之间的统计联系。从20个家庭中密切接触的27只人类和29只伴侣动物中收集粪便样品。每天不与伴侣动物接触的十九个健康人为对照组。DNA提取后，通过PCR筛选β-内酰胺酶家族和其他抗菌素类的10个基因。此外，第三代耐头孢菌素，耐碳青霉烯和耐大肠菌素的肠杆菌用细菌学方法筛选耐甲氧西林的葡萄球菌。带有P3启动子的bla _TEM-1B基因是在家庭中的人类和伴侣动物中检测到的最常见的β-内酰胺抗性基因（分别为33.3％和17.2％）。该sul2是由来自同一家庭人类和动物最常共享的基因。在50％的家庭中，在伴侣动物/主人对中至少同时检测到一种AMR。健康的人类和伴侣动物带有几种具有临床重要性的AMR。据我们所知，该研究报告首次在葡萄牙和欧洲健康人的粪便样本中检测到bla _SHV-27基因。