OBJECTIVE The current study examined the comparative efficacy of a more intensive version of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (I-PCIT; 5 days/week over 2 weeks) versus a time-limited weekly PCIT format (1 day/week over 10 weeks) in treating early childhood externalizing behavior problems. METHOD Using a randomized trial design, 60 young children (mean age [Mage] = 4.33 years; 65% male; 85% Latinx) with clinically elevated levels of externalizing behavior problems and their parents were assigned to either I-PCIT (n = 30) or time-limited PCIT (n = 30). Families completed pre-, post-, and follow-up assessments 6-9 months following treatment completion. Parents completed measures of child behavior, discipline practices, and parenting stress. Observational data on child behavior and parenting were also collected. RESULTS Noninferiority and multivariate repeated-measures analyses indicated comparable improvements across 6 out of 7 observed and parent-reported outcomes, including parenting skills, discipline practices, and child externalizing behavior problems at posttreatment. Comparable treatment gains remained at follow-up, with the caveat that parents in time-limited PCIT reported lower externalizing behavior problems compared with I-PCIT, although both groups were still significantly better compared with pretreatment. Lastly, moderation analyses indicated that parents experiencing high levels of stress benefited more from I-PCIT in terms of decreasing child externalizing behavior compared with time-limited PCIT. CONCLUSIONS I-PCIT appears to be a viable treatment option for families, especially those experiencing high levels of stress, in terms of targeting early externalizing behavior problems within a short period of time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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浓缩家长培训：一项随机试验，比较更简短、更强化版本的亲子互动疗法 (I-PCIT) 的功效。

目的 本研究检验了更强化的亲子互动疗法（I-PCIT；2 周内每周 5 天）与每周限时 PCIT 形式（10 周内每周 1 天）的比较疗效。治疗幼儿外化行为问题。方法 采用随机试验设计，将 60 名临床上外化行为问题水平升高的幼儿（平均年龄 [Mage] = 4.33 岁；65% 男性；85% 拉丁裔）及其父母分配到 I-PCIT 组（n = 30） ) 或有时间限制的 PCIT (n = 30)。家庭在治疗完成后 6-9 个月完成治疗前、治疗后和随访评估。家长完成了对儿童行为、纪律实践和养育压力的测量。还收集了有关儿童行为和养育方式的观察数据。结果 非劣效性和多变量重复测量分析表明，观察到的和家长报告的 7 个结果中的 6 个有可比的改善，包括养育技能、纪律实践和治疗后儿童外化行为问题。随访期间，治疗效果仍保持可比性，但需要注意的是，与 I-PCIT 相比，接受限时 PCIT 的父母报告的外化行为问题较低，尽管两组的情况仍明显优于治疗前。最后，适度分析表明，与有时间限制的 PCIT 相比，承受高压力的父母在减少儿童外化行为方面从 I-PCIT 中获益更多。结论 对于家庭，尤其是那些承受高压力的家庭来说，I-PCIT 似乎是一种可行的治疗选择，可以在短时间内针对早期外化行为问题。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。