Aptamers are short single-strand sequences that can bind to their specific targets with high affinity and specificity. Usually, aptamers are selected experimentally via systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), an evolutionary process that consists of multiple cycles of selection and amplification. The SELEX process is expensive, time-consuming, and its success rates are relatively low. To overcome these difficulties, in recent years, several computational techniques have been developed in aptamer sciences that bring together different disciplines and branches of technologies. In this paper, a complementary review on computational predictive approaches of the aptamer has been organized. Generally, the computational prediction approaches of aptamer have been proposed to carry out in two main categories: interaction-based prediction and structure-based predictions. Furthermore, the available software packages and toolkits in this scope were reviewed. The aim of describing computational methods and tools in aptamer science is that aptamer scientists might take advantage of these computational techniques to develop more accurate and more sensitive aptamers.

中文翻译：

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适体相互作用和结构的计算预测方法。

适体是短的单链序列，可以以高亲和力和特异性与其特定目标结合。通常，适配体是通过指数富集 (SELEX) 配体的系统进化通过实验选择的，这是一种由多个选择和扩增循环组成的进化过程。SELEX 过程昂贵、耗时，且成功率相对较低。为了克服这些困难，近年来，在适配体科学中开发了几种计算技术，将不同的学科和技术分支结合在一起。在本文中，组织了对适体计算预测方法的补充评论。通常，适配体的计算预测方法被提出在两个主要类别中进行：基于交互的预测和基于结构的预测。此外，还审查了此范围内的可用软件包和工具包。描述适体科学中的计算方法和工具的目的是，适体科学家可以利用这些计算技术来开发更准确和更灵敏的适体。