A true–false exam can be viewed as being a signal detection task—the task is to detect whether or not an item is true (signal) or false (noise). In terms of signal detection theory (SDT), examinees can be viewed as performing the task by comparing the perceived plausibility of an item (a perceptual component) to a threshold that delineates true from false (a decision component). The resulting model is distinct yet is related to item response theory (IRT) models and grade of membership models, with the difference that SDT explicitly recognizes the role of examinees’ perceptions in determining their response to an item. SDT also views IRT concepts such as “difficulty” and “guessing” in a different light, in that both are viewed as reflecting the same aspect—item bias. An application to a true–false algebra exam is presented and the various models are compared.

中文翻译：

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基于信号检测理论的真假考试项目反应模型。

可以将对错检查视为信号检测任务，该任务是检测项目是正确的（信号）还是错误的（噪声）。根据信号检测理论（SDT），通过将项目（感知成分）的感知合理性与从真（假）（判定成分）确定的阈值进行比较，可以将应试者视为执行任务。结果模型是独特的，但与项目响应理论（IRT）模型和成员资格等级相关，不同之处在于SDT明确认识到考生的感知在确定他们对项目的响应中的作用。SDT还从不同的角度看待IRT概念，例如“困难”和“猜测”，因为这两种概念都反映了同一方面-项目偏见。