Abstract Diseases in marine invertebrates are increasing in both frequency and intensity around the globe. Diseases in individuals which offer some commercial value are often well documented and subsequently well studied in comparison to those wild groups offering little commercial gain. This is particularly the case with those associated with mariculture or the commercial fisheries. Specifically, these include many Holothuroidea, and numerous crustacea and mollusca species. Pathogens/parasites consisting of both prokaryotes and eukaryotes from all groups have been associated with diseases from such organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa. Viral pathogens in particular, appear to be an increasingly important group and research into this group will likely highlight a larger number of diseases and pathogens being described in the near future. Interestingly, although there are countless examples of the spread of disease usually associated with transportation of specific infected hosts for development of aquaculture practices, this process appears to be continuing with no real sign of effective management and mitigation strategies being implicated. Notably, even in well developed countries such as the UK and the US, even though live animal trade may be well managed, the transport of frozen food appears to be less well so and as evidence suggests, even these to have the potential to transmit pathogens when used as a food source for example.

中文翻译：

---

重印“与海水养殖和商业渔业相关的海洋无脊椎动物疾病”

摘要 全球海洋无脊椎动物疾病的发生频率和强度都在增加。与那些几乎没有商业收益的野生群体相比，提供一些商业价值的个体中的疾病通常被充分记录并随后得到充分研究。与海水养殖或商业渔业相关的情况尤其如此。具体来说，这些包括许多海参科，以及许多甲壳类和软体动物。由来自所有组的原核生物和真核生物组成的病原体/寄生虫与来自这些生物体的疾病有关，包括细菌、病毒、真菌和原生动物。尤其是病毒病原体，似乎是一个越来越重要的群体，对这一群体的研究可能会突出在不久的将来描述的更多疾病和病原体。有趣的是，尽管有无数的疾病传播例子，通常与特定感染宿主的运输有关，以发展水产养殖实践，但这一过程似乎仍在继续，没有涉及有效管理和缓解策略的真正迹象。值得注意的是，即使在英国和美国等发达国家，尽管活体动物贸易可能得到很好的管理，但冷冻食品的运输似乎不太好，而且有证据表明，即使这些国家也有传播病原体的潜力例如，当用作食物来源时。尽管疾病传播的例子不计其数，通常与特定感染宿主的运输有关，以发展水产养殖实践，但这一过程似乎仍在继续，没有涉及有效管理和缓解战略的真正迹象。值得注意的是，即使在英国和美国等发达国家，尽管活体动物贸易可能得到很好的管理，但冷冻食品的运输似乎不太好，而且有证据表明，即使这些国家也有传播病原体的潜力例如，当用作食物来源时。尽管疾病传播的例子不计其数，通常与特定感染宿主的运输有关，以发展水产养殖实践，但这一过程似乎仍在继续，没有涉及有效管理和缓解战略的真正迹象。值得注意的是，即使在英国和美国等发达国家，尽管活体动物贸易可能得到很好的管理，但冷冻食品的运输似乎不太好，而且有证据表明，即使这些国家也有传播病原体的潜力例如，当用作食物来源时。