INTRODUCTION Numerous variations are characteristic for hand anatomy. Although a lot of work has been done in the field, a detailed description of the branches of the radial artery is still missing. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and diameter of the accessory artery, which can be found running on the dorsal surface of the interosseus dorsalis primus muscle, to deliver the detailed description of this arterial variation and based on that to suggest a systematic name of the artery which would be in line with Terminologia Anatomica. METHODS We used 133 complete donor bodies and 237 cadaverous hands in our study, giving us a total sample size of 503 samples. When possible, we determined the age of the donors which was between 62 and 90 years. We performed detailed anatomical dissection to determine the individual branching. We also measured the diameter of selected arteries. When relevant we performed statistical comparisons. To do that we first applied Shapiro-Wilk test to determine the normality of distribution and after that we used Mann-Whitney U test and One-way ANOVA. RESULTS The variation of interest was found in 11.93% of cases. Based on the anatomical differences we determined four types of branching, type 1-3 forming the anastomosis with superficial palmar arch (being considered as positive findings) and type 4 which did not form this anastomosis (thus considered to be a negative finding). DISCUSSION We successfully determined the incidence of this arterial variation on a sufficient sample size. We also described the anatomy of this branching in detail and were able to determine four types of this branching. After careful consideration of these findings we proposed the new name for this artery and suggest to use the name superficial dorsal branch of radial artery. This could contribute to a better understanding of this branching and potential use in clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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在第一个网状空间中无名的变异动脉。

引言许多变化是手部解剖学的特征。尽管在该领域已经做了很多工作，但是仍然缺少missing动脉分支的详细描述。这项研究的目的是确定副动脉的发生率和直径，可以发现这些副动脉发生在os间背背原始肌的背面，以对这种动脉变异进行详细描述，并据此提出系统性建议。与Terminologia Anatomica一致的动脉名称。方法我们在研究中使用了133个完整的供体和237具尸体手，总共有503个样本。在可能的情况下，我们确定捐助者的年龄在62至90岁之间。我们进行了详细的解剖解剖，以确定单个分支。我们还测量了选定动脉的直径。相关时，我们进行了统计比较。为此，我们首先使用Shapiro-Wilk检验确定分布的正态性，然后使用Mann-Whitney U检验和单向ANOVA。结果在11.93％的病例中发现了兴趣变化。根据解剖学差异，我们确定了四种类型的分支，1-3型与浅掌掌弓形成吻合（被认为是阳性发现），而4型没有形成这种吻合（因此被认为是阴性发现）。讨论我们在足够的样本量下成功确定了这种动脉变异的发生率。我们还详细描述了该分支的解剖结构，并且能够确定该分支的四种类型。在仔细考虑了这些发现之后，我们提出了该动脉的新名称，并建议使用radial动脉浅表背分支的名称。这可能有助于更好地了解这种分支和在临床实践中的潜在用途。