Medical professionals routinely offer prenatal genetic testing services to their expecting patients. Some bioethicists believe that when these professionals promote the use of such testing for abortion on grounds of disability, they express a devaluing message to and about extant disabled people. Supporters of this expressivist objection further maintain that, in expressing such a message, medical professionals reinforce negative attitudes about extant disabled people and thereby further stigmatize them. But while the expressivist objection has received quite a bit of support from disability rights theorists-in part because of its intuitive appeal-its current formulation suffers from various shortcomings that render it implausible. By invoking tools from the philosophy of language, I present the expressivist objection*: an improved and distinctive formulation of the expressivist objection that preserves some of its core insights. According to this improved formulation, the promotion of prenatal testing for selective abortion can at least sometimes be wrong.

中文翻译：

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什么时候提倡进行选择性流产产前检查错误？

医学专业人员通常会为预期的患者提供产前基因检测服务。一些生物伦理学家认为，当这些专业人员提倡将此类检测用于基于残疾的流产时，他们会向现存的残疾人传递贬值的信息。这种表现主义反对者的支持者进一步认为，在表达这样的信息时，医务人员加强了对现存残疾人的消极态度，从而进一步污蔑了他们。但是，尽管表达主义的异议得到了残疾权利理论家的相当多的支持-部分是由于其直观的吸引力-但其目前的表述遭受了种种不足，使其难以置信。通过引用语言哲学中的工具，我提出了表现主义的反对意见*：表现主义反对意见的改进和独特表述，保留了其一些核心见解。根据这种改进的配方，促进选择性流产的产前检查有时至少是错误的。