Photothermal‐material‐assisted solar‐steam generation has recently attracted intensive attention due to its superior evaporation rate with high energy conversion efficiency for desalination. In this work, a simple approach for fabrication of porous carbon nanofoam (PCN) is reported, which is prepared by the carbonization of pitch using a combination of CaCO₃ and NaCl templates, Meanwhile, NaCl saturated solution acts as a porogen to produce micropores and mesopores as solar receiver for efficient solar steam generation. The as‐prepared PCN shows excellent porosity and mesoporous feature with an average pore size of 26.8 nm. It also shows superior light absorption of 88% and better thermal insulation (thermal conductivity 0.993 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹). Based on these characteristics, the as‐prepared PCN can be used as a promising solar receiver. Under 1 sun, 2 sun, and 3 sun irradiation, the PCN‐based solar receiver shows high energy conversion efficiencies of 88%, 86%, and 84%, respectively. Taking advantage of the abundant, low‐cost, and commercial availability of pitch as well as its simple and cost‐effective manufacture method, the PCN‐based solar receiver may hold great potential for a broad variety of solar‐steam generation applications, for instance, fresh water production, power generation, desalination, and so on.

中文翻译：

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源自沥青的多孔碳纳米泡沫作为太阳能接收器，用于高效太阳能蒸汽产生。


光热材料辅助太阳能蒸汽发电由于其优越的蒸发速率和高能量转换效率用于海水淡化最近引起了广泛的关注。在这项工作中，报道了一种制备多孔碳纳米泡沫（PCN）的简单方法，该方法是通过使用CaCO ₃和NaCl模板组合对沥青进行碳化来制备的，同时，NaCl饱和溶液作为致孔剂产生微孔和介孔作为太阳能接收器，可有效产生太阳能蒸汽。所制备的 PCN 显示出优异的孔隙率和介孔特征，平均孔径为 26.8 nm。它还表现出 88% 的优异吸光率和更好的隔热性（导热系数 0.993 W m ^-1 K ^-1 ）。基于这些特性，所制备的 PCN 可以用作一种有前景的太阳能接收器。在 1 个太阳光、2 个太阳光和 3 个太阳光照射下，基于 PCN 的太阳能接收器分别表现出 88%、86% 和 84% 的高能量转换效率。利用丰富、低成本和商业化的沥青及其简单且经济高效的制造方法，基于 PCN 的太阳能接收器可能在各种太阳能蒸汽发电应用中具有巨大的潜力，例如、淡水生产、发电、海水淡化等。