Here, we examined whether glyphosate affects the microbiota of herbivores feeding on non-target plants. Colorado potato beetles (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) were reared on potato plants grown in pots containing untreated soil or soil treated with glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH). As per the manufacturer's safety recommendations, the GBH soil treatments were done 2 weeks prior to planting the potatoes. Later, 2-day-old larvae were introduced to the potato plants and then collected in two phases: fourth instar larvae and adults. The larvae's internal microbiota and the adults' intestinal microbiota were examined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The beetles' microbial composition was affected by the GBH treatment and the differences in microbial composition between the control and insects exposed to GBH were more pronounced in the adults. The GBH treatment increased the relative abundance of Agrobacterium in the larvae and the adults. This effect may be related to the tolerance of some Agrobacterium species to glyphosate or to glyphosate-mediated changes in potato plants. On the other hand, the relative abundances of Enterobacteriaceae, Rhodobacter, Rhizobium and Acidovorax in the adult beetles and Ochrobactrum in the larvae were reduced in GBH treatment. These results demonstrate that glyphosate can impact microbial communities associated with herbivores feeding on non-target crop plants.

中文翻译：

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基于草甘膦的除草剂会影响与科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（Leptinotarsa decemlineata）相关的微生物的组成。

在这里，我们检查了草甘膦是否会影响以非目标植物为食的草食动物的微生物群。将科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（Leptinotarsa decemlineata）饲养在种植有未经处理的土壤或用草甘膦基除草剂（GBH）处理过的土壤的花盆中的马铃薯上。根据制造商的安全建议，在种植马铃薯之前2周对GBH进行土壤处理。随后，将两天大的幼虫引入马铃薯植株，然后分两个阶段进行收集：第四龄幼虫和成虫。通过16S rRNA基因测序检查幼虫的内部微生物群和成年肠道微生物群。甲虫的微生物组成受GBH处理的影响，在成虫中，对照组和接触GBH的昆虫之间的微生物组成差异更为明显。GBH处理增加了幼虫和成虫中农杆菌的相对丰度。这种作用可能与某些农杆菌物种对草甘膦的耐受性或草甘膦介导的马铃薯植株变化有关。另一方面，在GBH处理中，成年甲虫中肠杆菌科，红细菌，根瘤菌和嗜酸菌属的相对丰度以及幼虫中ch骨的相对丰度降低。这些结果表明草甘膦可以影响与以非目标作物为食的草食动物相关的微生物群落。在GBH处理中，成年甲虫的肠杆菌科，红细菌，根瘤菌和嗜酸菌属的相对丰度以及幼虫的ch骨纲的相对丰度降低了。这些结果表明草甘膦可以影响与以非目标作物为食的草食动物相关的微生物群落。在GBH处理中，成年甲虫的肠杆菌科，红细菌，根瘤菌和嗜酸菌属的相对丰度以及幼虫的ch骨纲的相对丰度降低了。这些结果表明草甘膦可以影响与以非目标作物为食的草食动物相关的微生物群落。