In order to harness the functionality of metals, nature has evolved over billions of years to utilize metalloproteins as key components in numerous cellular processes. Despite this, transition metals such as ruthenium, palladium, iridium, and gold are largely absent from naturally occurring metalloproteins, likely due to their scarcity as precious metals. To mimic the evolutionary process of nature, the field of artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) was born as a way to benefit from the unique chemoselectivity and orthogonality of transition metals in a biological setting. In its current state, numerous examples have successfully incorporated transition metals into a variety of protein scaffolds. Using these ArMs, many examples of new-to-nature reactions have been carried out, some of which have shown substantial biocompatibility. Given the rapid rate at which this field is growing, this review aims to highlight some important studies that have begun to take the next step within this field; namely the development of ArM-centered drug therapies or biotechnological tools.

中文翻译：

---

释放人造金属酶的治疗潜力。

为了利用金属的功能性，自然界已经发展了数十亿年，以利用金属蛋白作为众多细胞过程中的关键成分。尽管如此，由于天然金属蛋白稀缺，因此钌，钯，铱和金等过渡金属在很大程度上不存在。为了模仿自然界的进化过程，人工金属酶（ArMs）领域的诞生是一种在生物环境中受益于过渡金属独特的化学选择性和正交性的方法。在目前的状态下，许多实例已成功地将过渡金属掺入到各种蛋白质支架中。使用这些ArM，已经进行了许多新的自然反应的例子，其中一些已经显示出充分的生物相容性。考虑到该领域的快速发展，本综述旨在突出一些重要的研究，这些研究已开始在该领域内迈出下一步。即开发以ArM为中心的药物疗法或生物技术工具。