ABSTRACT

William Rutherford Sanders (1828–1881) was an Edinburgh physician who occupied the Chair of Pathology at the University of Edinburgh from 1869 to 1881. All of his published output between 1865 and 1868 was concerned with neurology. In arguing that a patient did not have paralysis agitans, Sanders (1865) employed the term “Parkinson’s disease” for the first time in the English-language literature to distinguish between the disorder that Parkinson (1817) termed “paralysis agitans” and other types of shaking palsies. He contributed a major chapter on the same topic to Russell Reynolds’s A System of Medicine (1868). Sanders also investigated the innervation of the palate and facial muscles (1865), and in 1866 recorded the autopsy findings in two cases of aphasia. Here, for the first time in the English-language literature, he described findings that supported Broca’s location of the representation of speech to a particular area of the left cerebral hemisphere.

摘要

威廉·卢瑟福·桑德斯（William Rutherford Sanders，1828-1881 年）是爱丁堡医生，1869 年至 1881 年期间担任爱丁堡大学病理学系主任。他在 1865 年至 1868 年间发表的所有作品都与神经病学有关。Sanders (1865) 在论证患者没有激动性麻痹时首次在英文文献中使用“帕金森病”一词来区分帕金森 (1817) 称为“激动性麻痹”和其他类型的疾病的震颤麻痹。他为 Russell Reynolds 的A System of Medicine撰写了关于同一主题的主要章节(1868)。桑德斯还研究了上颚和面部肌肉的神经支配（1865 年），并在 1866 年记录了两例失语症的尸检结果。在这里，他第一次在英语文献中描述了支持 Broca 将语音表示定位到左大脑半球特定区域的发现。