Non‐model microorganisms have been increasingly explored as microbial cell factories for production of chemicals, fuels, and materials owing to their unique physiology and metabolic capabilities. However, these microorganisms often lack facile genetic tools for strain development, which hinders their adoption as production hosts. In this review, we describe recent advances in domestication of non‐model microorganisms, including bacteria, actinobacteria, cyanobacteria, yeast, and fungi, with a focus on the development of genetic tools. In addition, we highlight some successful applications of non‐model microorganisms as microbial cell factories.

中文翻译：

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驯化非模式微生物的最新进展。

由于其独特的生理学和代谢能力，非模型微生物作为生产化学品、燃料和材料的微生物细胞工厂被越来越多地探索。然而，这些微生物通常缺乏用于菌株开发的简便遗传工具，这阻碍了它们作为生产宿主的采用。在这篇综述中，我们描述了非模型微生物驯化的最新进展，包括细菌、放线菌、蓝藻、酵母和真菌，重点是遗传工具的开发。此外，我们重点介绍了非模型微生物作为微生物细胞工厂的一些成功应用。