The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is a receptor of the innate immune system, expressed mostly by myeloid cells and primarily associated with pro- inflammatory responses. Although the exact nature of its ligands has not yet been fully elucidated, many microorganisms or danger signals have been proposed as inducers of its activation or the secretion of sTREM-1, the soluble form with putative anti-inflammatory effects. In the course of the 20 years since its first description, several studies have investigated the involvement of TREM-1 in bacterial infections. However, the number of studies describing the role of TREM-1 in fungal, viral and parasite-associated infections has only increased in the last few years, showing a diverse contribution of the receptor in these scenarios, with beneficial or detrimental activities depending on the context. Therefore, this review aims to discuss how TREM-1 may influence viral, fungal and parasitic infection outcomes, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of non-bacterial infectious diseases.

在髓样细胞1（TREM-1）上表达的触发受体是先天免疫系统的受体，主要由髓样细胞表达，并且主要与促炎反应有关。尽管尚未充分阐明其配体的确切性质，但已提出许多微生物或危险信号作为其活化或分泌sTREM-1（具有推定的抗炎作用的可溶性形式）的诱导剂。在20的过程中 自从首次描述以来已有数年的历史，数项研究调查了TREM-1与细菌感染的关系。但是，描述TREM-1在真菌，病毒和寄生虫相关感染中的作用的研究数量只是在最近几年才增加，显示了受体在这些情况下的不同贡献，其有益或有害活性取决于上下文。因此，本综述旨在讨论TREM-1如何影响病毒，真菌和寄生虫感染的结果，强调其作为非细菌感染性疾病的治疗靶标和生物标志物的潜力。