The article explores the use of minerals and the nature of chemical methods employed in Lima in the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. It does so through examining the availability of mineral resources, including pre-European knowledge of their use, through surveying the books and equipment used by physicians and apothecaries, and finally by examining prescriptions for medicines that were used to treat patients. It concludes that minerals were probably more commonly employed in medicines in Lima than in Spain but suggests that their preparation and use at this time drew on Spain’s alchemical tradition rather than on writings by Paracelsus and his followers. It argues that this did not reflect the effectiveness of censorship by the Inquisition.

中文翻译：

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秘鲁利马早期殖民时期的炼金术和化学药物

这篇文章探讨了 16 世纪和 17 世纪早期利马的矿物使用和化学方法的性质。它通过检查矿产资源的可用性，包括欧洲之前对其使用的了解，通过调查医生和药剂师使用的书籍和设备，最后通过检查用于治疗患者的药物处方来实现。它的结论是，在利马，矿物质可能比在西班牙更常用于药物中，但表明此时它们的制备和使用借鉴了西班牙的炼金术传统，而不是帕拉塞尔苏斯及其追随者的著作。它辩称，这并没有反映宗教裁判所审查制度的有效性。