The functional roles of ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPF) and amygdala in affecting emotional processing in decision-making have been raised in support of the somatic marker hypothesis. However, later studies demonstrated challenges to such support based on preserved cognition in the form of reversal learning in VMPF damaged patients tested with a shuffled variant of Iowa Gambling Task. This finding provides implications for cognitive neglect in somatic marker hypothesis with its magnified emphasis on the link between somatic markers and emotion-guided decision-making. It also suggests that cognition could compensate for emotion impairment in the absence of crucial prefrontal cortical region needed for low-risk choice and decision-making. Emotional somatic marker signaling is proposed to be an assistive initiation mechanism for choice decision-making between gains and losses instead of a fixated necessity in the process, and that it works in concert with concurrent conscious knowledge and cognition of the situation, building upon the nature of close connections between the VMPF and other brain region(s).

中文翻译：

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决策过程中的认知和学习作为情绪加工缺陷的补偿机制。

腹侧前额叶皮层（VMPF）和杏仁核在决策中影响情绪加工的功能已经得到了支持，以支持体细胞标记假说。但是，后来的研究表明，在以爱荷华州赌博任务改组的VMPF受损患者中，以逆向学习的形式保留了认知，因此基于保留的认知对此类支持提出了挑战。这一发现为躯体标记假说中的认知疏忽提供了暗示，因为它着重强调了躯体标记与情绪指导的决策之间的联系。它还表明，在缺乏低风险选择和决策所需的关键前额叶皮层区域的情况下，认知可以弥补情绪障碍。