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Seeing isn't necessarily believing: Misleading contextual information influences perceptual-cognitive bias in radiologists.
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied ( IF 2.813 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-23 , DOI: 10.1037/xap0000274
Bradley Fawver 1 , Joseph L Thomas 1 , Trafton Drew 2 , Megan K Mills 3 , William F Auffermann 3 , Keith R Lohse 4 , A Mark Williams 4
Affiliation  

A substantial number of medical errors in radiology are attributed to failures of perception or decision making, although it is believed that experience (or expertise) might buffer diagnosticians from some types of perceptual-cognitive bias. We examined how the quality of contextual information influences decision making and how underlying perceptual-cognitive processes change as a function of experience and diagnostic accuracy. Twenty-one radiologists dictated their findings on 16 deidentified musculoskeletal radiographic cases while wearing a mobile-eye tracking system. Patient histories were mismatched on a subset of cases to be miscued relative to the correct diagnosis. Experienced radiologists outperformed less-experienced participants, but no systematic differences in gaze behaviors emerged between groups. Miscued case notes increased perceptual-cognitive bias in both groups, resulting in an approximate 40% decrease in diagnostic accuracy. Most errors were judgment errors, meaning participants visually fixated on the abnormality for longer than a second yet still failed to make the correct diagnosis. Findings suggest a physician's confidence in their diagnosis might be misplaced after spending insufficient time extracting relevant information from key areas of the visual display, or when decisions are based primarily on a priori expectations derived from patient histories. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

眼见为实:误导性上下文信息会影响放射科医生的感知认知偏差。

放射学中的大量医疗错误归因于感知或决策失败,尽管人们认为经验(或专业知识)可能会使诊断人员免受某些类型的感知认知偏差的影响。我们研究了上下文信息的质量如何影响决策以及潜在的感知认知过程如何随着经验和诊断准确性的变化而变化。21 名放射科医生在佩戴移动眼动追踪系统的情况下,口述了他们对 16 个未识别的肌肉骨骼放射照相病例的发现。与正确诊断相关的被误判的病例子集上的患者病史不匹配。经验丰富的放射科医生的表现优于经验不足的参与者,但各组之间的凝视行为没有出现系统性差异。错误案例记录增加了两组的感知认知偏差,导致诊断准确性降低了约 40%。大多数错误是判断错误,这意味着参与者在视觉上盯着异常的时间超过一秒钟,但仍然未能做出正确的诊断。研究结果表明,在花费足够时间从视觉显示的关键区域提取相关信息后,或者当决策主要基于从患者病史中得出的先验期望时,医生对其诊断的信心可能会错位。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。这意味着参与者在视觉上盯着异常的时间超过一秒钟,但仍然未能做出正确的诊断。研究结果表明,在花费足够时间从视觉显示的关键区域提取相关信息后,或者当决策主要基于从患者病史中得出的先验期望时,医生对其诊断的信心可能会错位。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。这意味着参与者在视觉上盯着异常的时间超过一秒钟,但仍然未能做出正确的诊断。研究结果表明,在花费足够时间从视觉显示的关键区域提取相关信息后,或者当决策主要基于从患者病史中得出的先验期望时,医生对其诊断的信心可能会错位。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-04-23
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