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Frustration-affirmation? Thwarted goals motivate compliance with social norms for violence and nonviolence.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1037/pspa0000190
N Pontus Leander 1 , Maximilian Agostini 1 , Wolfgang Stroebe 1 , Jannis Kreienkamp 1 , Russell Spears 1 , Toon Kuppens 1 , Martijn Van Zomeren 1 , Sabine Otten 1 , Arie W Kruglanski 2
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When thwarted goals increase endorsement of violence, it may not always reflect antisocial tendencies or some breakdown of self-regulation per se; such responses can also reflect an active process of self-regulation, whose purpose is to comply with the norms of one's social environment. In the present experiments (total N = 2,145), the causal link between thwarted goals and endorsement of violent means (guns and war) was found to be contingent on perceptions that violence is normatively valued. Experiments 1-3 establish that thwarted goals increase endorsement of violence primarily among U.S. adults of a lower educational background and/or men who endorse a masculine honor culture. Experiment 4 manipulates the perceived normative consensus of college educated Americans, and demonstrates that thwarted goals increase college educated Americans' endorsement of whatever norm is salient: prowar or antiwar. Generalizing the model beyond violent means, Experiment 5 demonstrates that goal-thwarted Europeans report increased willingness to volunteer for refugee support activities if they perceive strong social norms to volunteer. Altogether, these findings support a frustration-affirmation model rather than frustration-aggression, whereby thwarted goals increase compliance with perceived norms for behavior, which can increase endorsement of violent means such as guns and war, but also nonviolent charitable actions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

沮丧的确认?受挫的目标促使人们遵守暴力和非暴力的社会规范。

当挫败的目标增加了对暴力的认可时,它可能并不总是反映出反社会的倾向或自我调节本身的某种破坏;这样的反应也可以反映出一个积极的自我调节过程,其目的是遵守一个人的社会环境规范。在目前的实验中(总计N = 2,145),被挫败的目标与对暴力手段(枪支和战争)的认可之间的因果关系被发现取决于对暴力具有规范价值的认识。实验1-3证实,受挫的目标主要是在较低文化背景的美国成年人和/或认可男性荣誉文化的男性中增加对暴力的认可。实验4操纵了受过大学教育的美国人的感知规范共识,并表明受挫的目标增加了受过大学教育的美国人对任何显着标准的支持:prowar或antiwar。实验5将模型推广到了暴力手段之外,证明了受挫败的欧洲人报告说,如果他们认识到自愿的社会规范,就会增加自愿参加难民支持活动的意愿。总而言之,这些发现支持挫折确认模型,而不是挫败侵略模型,在这种模型中,受挫的目标会提高人们对行为规范的认识,这会增加对诸如枪支和战争之类的暴力手段以及非暴力慈善行为的认可。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。实验5证明,受挫折的欧洲人报告说,如果他们认为自愿的社会规范很强,他们自愿参加难民支持活动的意愿就会增加。总而言之,这些发现支持挫折确认模型,而不是挫败侵略模型,在这种模型中,受挫的目标会提高人们对行为规范的认识,这会增加对诸如枪支和战争之类的暴力手段以及非暴力慈善行为的认可。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。实验5证明,受挫折的欧洲人报告说,如果他们认为自愿的社会规范很强,他们自愿参加难民支持活动的意愿就会增加。总而言之,这些发现支持挫折确认模型,而不是挫败侵略模型,在这种模型中,受挫的目标会提高人们对行为规范的认识,这会增加对诸如枪支和战争之类的暴力手段以及非暴力慈善行为的认可。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。这可以增加对诸如枪支和战争之类的暴力手段的认可,也可以增强非暴力的慈善行为。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。这可以增加对诸如枪支和战争之类的暴力手段的认可,也可以增强非暴力的慈善行为。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-08-01
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