In recent years, neuroendoscopic treatment of hydrocephalus and various ventricular pathologies has become increasingly popular. It is considered by many as the first-choice treatment for the majority of these cases. However, neurocognitive complications following ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures may occur leading mostly to amnesia, which might have a grave effect on the patient’s quality of life. Studies assessing neurocognitive complications after ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures are sparse. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review assessing the available literature of neurocognitive complications and outcome after ventricular neuroendoscopy. Of 1216 articles screened, 46 were included in this systematic review. Transient and permanent neurocognitive complications in 2804 ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures occurred in 2.0% () and 1.04% () of the patients, respectively. Most complications described are memory impairment, followed by psychiatric symptoms (psychosyndrome), cognitive impairment not further specified, declined executive function, and confusion. However, only in 20% of the series describing neurocognitive complications or outcome () was neurocognition assessed by a trained neuropsychologist in a systematic manner. While in most of these series only a part of the included patients underwent neuropsychological testing, neurocognitive assessment was seldom done pre- and postoperatively, long-term follow up was rare, and patient’s cohorts were small. A paucity of studies analyzing neurocognitive complications and outcome, through systematic neuropsychological testing, and the correlation with intraoperative lesions of neuronal structures (e.g., fornix) exists in the literature. Therefore, the neurocognitive and emotional morbidity after ventricular neuroendoscopic procedures might be underestimated and warrants further research.

中文翻译：

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心室神经内镜检查后的神经认知并发症：系统评价。

近年来，神经内镜治疗脑积水和各种心室病变已变得越来越流行。在大多数情况下，它被视为首选治疗。但是，可能会发生心室神经内镜手术后的神经认知并发症，从而导致健忘症，这可能会对患者的生活质量产生严重影响。评估脑室神经内镜手术后神经认知并发症的研究稀疏。因此，我们进行了系统的评估，以评估心室神经内镜检查后可获得的神经认知并发症和预后的文献。筛选的1216篇文章中，有46篇纳入本系统评价。在2804例心室神经内镜手术中发生暂时性和永久性神经认知并发症的发生率为2.0％（）和1.04％（）的患者。描述的大多数并发症是记忆障碍，其次是精神症状（精神综合症），认知障碍（未进一步说明），执行功能下降和混乱。但是，只有20％的描述神经认知并发症或结果的系列（）是由训练有素的神经心理学家以系统方式评估的神经认知能力。虽然在这些系列的大多数文章中，仅一部分患者接受了神经心理学测试，但术前和术后很少进行神经认知评估，很少进行长期随访，并且患者队列很小。文献中缺乏通过系统的神经心理学测试来分析神经认知并发症和预后以及与术中神经元结构损伤（例如穹x）的相关性的研究。因此，心室神经内镜手术后的神经认知和情绪发病率可能被低估，值得进一步研究。