Introduction

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent primary brain tumor. In spite of the rigorous multimodal treatment involving surgery and radiochemotherapy, GBM has a dismal prognosis and rapid relapsing potential. Hence, search for novel therapeutic agents still continues. Neoantigens are the tumor-specific antigens which arise due to somatic mutations in the tumor genome. In recent years, personalized vaccine approach targeting neoantigens has been explored widely in cancer immunotherapy and several efforts have also been made to revolutionize the immunotherapy of cold tumors such as GBM using neoantigen targeted vaccines.

Areas covered

In this review, we discuss the clinical application of personalized neoantigen targeted vaccine strategy in GBM immunotherapy. While discussing this strategy, we brief about the current challenges faced in GBM treatment by the novel immunotherapeutics.

Expert opinion

To date, very few vaccines developed for GBM have reached till phase III clinical development. Early-phase clinical trials of GBM neoantigen vaccines have shown promising clinical outcomes and therefore, its rapid clinical development is warranted. Advent of newer and faster techniques such as next-generation sequencing will drive the faster clinical development of multiplex neoantigen vaccines and hence, increase in the clinical trials is expected.

中文翻译：

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个性化的新抗原疫苗：胶质母细胞瘤的希望渺茫。

介绍

多形胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是最流行的原发性脑肿瘤。尽管严格的多式联运疗法涉及外科手术和放射化学疗法，GBM的预后却很差，复发的可能性也很快。因此，寻找新型治疗剂的工作仍在继续。新抗原是由于肿瘤基因组中的体细胞突变而产生的肿瘤特异性抗原。近年来，针对新抗原的个性化疫苗方法已在癌症免疫治疗中得到了广泛研究，并且还做出了一些努力来彻底改变使用新抗原靶向疫苗的冷肿瘤如GBM的免疫疗法。

覆盖区域

在这篇综述中，我们讨论了个性化新抗原靶向疫苗策略在GBM免疫治疗中的临床应用。在讨论该策略时，我们简要介绍了新型免疫疗法在GBM治疗中面临的当前挑战。

专家意见

迄今为止，为GBM开发的疫苗很少达到III期临床开发。GBM新抗原疫苗的早期临床试验已显示出令人鼓舞的临床结果，因此，其快速的临床发展是有保证的。下一代测序等更新更快的技术的出现将推动多重新抗原疫苗的更快临床开发，因此，有望增加临床试验。