Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission had provided gravity data for ca. 15 years, completed its mission in 2017 and handed over to GRACE Follow-On. During its active life, GRACE contributed to the understanding of temporal variations of geoid/quasigeoid heights as well as vertical and horizontal displacements of the Earth’s surface induced by mass loading, and thereby the physical height (e.g. the orthometric/normal height) changes. The main objective of this research is to estimate physical height changes over the area of Turkey. The release 6 GRACE-based global geopotential models and WaterGAP (Water—a Global Assessment and Prognosis) Global Hydrology Model products as well as load Love numbers from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model were used as input data. Physical height changes over Turkey were estimated using three different approaches: the GRACE-based Global Geopotential Models, the Green’s function, and the Terzaghi’s principle. The estimated physical height changes were analysed and modelled by means of the seasonal decomposition method and the Principal Component Analysis/Empirical Orthogonal Function method. The main findings reveal that physical height changes over Turkey reach the level of a few centimetres during years 2004–2010.

中文翻译：

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根据GRACE卫星任务数据和WGHM估算土耳其的物理高度变化

重力恢复和气候实验（GRACE）卫星任务已提供了大约1万英亩的重力数据。15年，于2017年完成任务，并移交给GRACE Follow-On。在其活跃的生命中，GRACE有助于理解大地水准面/准大地水准面的时间变化以及由于质量载荷引起的地球表面的垂直和水平位移，从而改变了物理高度（例如，正高/法向高度）。这项研究的主要目的是估计土耳其整个地区的物理高度变化。基于版本6的GRACE全球地理势模型和WaterGAP（水-全球评估和预后）全球水文模型产品以及来自初步参考地球模型的负荷Love数均用作输入数据。使用三种不同的方法估算了整个土耳其的物理高度变化：基于GRACE的全球地势模型，格林函数和Terzaghi原理。利用季节分解法和主成分分析/经验正交函数法对估计的物理高度变化进行了分析和建模。主要研究结果表明，2004年至2010年期间，土耳其各地的物理高度变化达到了几厘米的水平。